Bioinformatics GATE questions

1. Which of the following is NOT used for generating an optimal alignment of two nucleotide sequences?

• Gap penalties
• Match scores
• Mismatch scores
• Nucleotide composition

2. The maximum parsimony method is used to construct a phylogenetic tree for a set of sequences. Which one of the following statements about the method is CORRECT?

• It predicts the tree that minimizes the steps required to generate the observed variations
• It predicts the tree that maximizes the steps required to generate the observed variations
• It predicts the tree with the least number of branch points
• It employs probability calculations to identify the tree

3. Which of the following is incorrect regarding the terminologies of phylogenetics?

• The connecting point where two adjacent branches join is called a node
• Node represents an inferred ancestor of extant taxa
• At the tips of the branches are long lost species or sequences
• The lines in the tree are called branches

4. No of unrooted trees in a phylogeny of five sequence is

• 3
• 15
• 105
• 945

5. Which one of the following methods is used to test the significance of a predicted phylogeny?

• Bootstrap
• Maximum likelihood
• Maximum parsimony
• Minimum evolution

6. Which one of the following is more weighted mutation?

• Transition
• Transversions
• Transitions and transversion
• Deletion

7. Which one of the following tool can be used to generate neighbour joining trees with or without bootstrap values?

• ClustalX
• BLAST
• Swiss-PDB viewer
• ChemSketch

8. If you have 200 viral DNA sequences of 500 residues each and you want to know if there are any pairs that are identical or nearly identical. Which of the following is the most efficient method to use?

• BLAST
• Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analysis
• Neighbour-joining phylogenetic analysis
• PopSet

9. Which one of the following tools can be used for both modeling the protein and structure visualization?

• QMol
• Swiss-PDB Viewer
• RasMol
• ChemSketch

10. This is used to know the phylogeny

• mRNA
• rRNA
• DNA
• None of these