Past and present perfect

I started learning Spanish in 1994 and am still learning it: I ___________ it for 29 years.

• learned

• have learned

• have been learning

• had learned

For actions that started in the past but are still going on, we use

• present simple

• present perfect (continuous)

• past simple

• past perfect (continuous)

Bob's hair looks great! _____ you ______ it already?

• do... see

• did... see

• have... seen

• had... seen

His face looks like that because he ______ just ______ his new haircut (his face is happy).

• did... see

• has... seen

• had... seen

• will... see

For actions that happened at some time in the past but are still influencing the present, we use

• present simple

• present perfect

• past simple

• past perfect

I am sad because I ___________ (not see) that great haircut that everyone's talking about.

• didn't see

• haven't seen

• hadn't seen

• hadididond seann

So, yeah, actions that haven't occurred can still influence the present by virtue of not occurring. They, too, are used in the

• present simple

• present perfect

• past simple

• past perfect

– Are you eating the food?
– I ______ just _______.

• do... stop

• have... stopped

• had... stopped

• will have... stopped

Again, it's the same stuff, right? It was in the past, but it's influencing the present by not going on at the moment. It's the...

• present simple

• present perfect

• past simple

• past perfect

In 1994, I _______ (bear).

• bore

• was born

• have been born

• had been born