UNIT 4 Reviewer

Hurricanes are powerful tropical storms that develop over warm ocean water. Hurricanes draw their energy from the ocean and weaken as they move over land. Which of the following BEST explains how energy is transferred from the ocean to a hurricane?

• Evaporating water adds heat to the atmosphere.

• Rising tides change the level of the ocean surface.

• Waves cause turbulence in the lower atmosphere.

• Currents carry warm water along the ocean surface.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which of the following statements BEST explains how the oceans moderate the range of daily temperature fluctuations on Earth?

• Ocean currents carry water from warmer areas to colder areas

• Ocean water evaporates during the day and condenses at night.

• Ocean water expands when it is heated and contracts when it cools.

• Ocean water absorbs heat during the day and releases heat at night.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Which city on the map above just experienced a warm front pass through it?

• Denver

• 
  Seattle

• .

  Columbus

• Dallas

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

On a weather map, a cold front boundary can be represented by which symbol(s)?

• 1 only

• 2 only

• 3 only

• 1 and 3

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

Jet streams are fast, narrow, meandering air currents in the Earth’s atmosphere.
The main jet streams are between the troposphere and the stratosphere and flow from west to east. The jet streams are caused by the uneven heating of the Earth, which causes the air to move based on its density. The images represent this movement of the air.

What changes would occur to the jet stream if the uneven heating of the Earth was magnified?

• The jet stream would strengthen.

• The jet stream would weaken.

• It would not affect the jet stream, only the global winds.

• There is no way to predict what would happen.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

During the daytime on area coastlines, the temperature of the air over the land is warmer than the temperature of the air over the water. However, during the nighttime, the situation is reversed and the air over the water is warmer than the air over the land. What force drives this difference in temperatures?

• solar winds

• melting ice at the polar caps

• rising and falling ocean levels

• the Sun's heat

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The Sun is the Earth’s primary source of energy. The sunlight that hits the Earth is absorbed by the Earth’s surface. This causes Earth’s surface to heat up. It heats up differently depending what type of material absorbs the light. This uneven heating causes localized winds which can easily be seen near coastlines. The diagram is a representation of the localized winds.

What type of energy transfer is occurring as the winds are moving?

• convection

• conduction

• radiation

• force

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

For billions of years, our sun, a yellow, main-sequence star, has radiated solar energy into space. The energy that reaches earth has been most responsible for which of the following?

• Creating electricity from solar panels.

• Changing ocean levels known as tides.

• Convection within earth’s atmosphere leading to weather patterns.

• The limited plant life found at the poles.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The following diagram depicts the observations of a student as a science teacher demonstrates the process of convection. Which of the following correctly relates the components of the demonstration to real life processes?

• The candle represents the sun’s heat and the moving spinner represents the tectonic plates.

• The candle represents the sun’s heat and the moving spinner represents air in the atmosphere.

• The candle represents heat within the earth and the moving spinner represents air in the atmosphere.

• The candle represents heat within the earth and the string represents the gravitational pull between the earth and sun.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The illustration below shows the Gulf Stream carrying warm water up the east coast of America on its way to Western Europe. These warm equatorial surface currents are responsible for the moderate winter climates of certain countries such as France and Spain. Which of the following is most responsible for this occurrence?

• The sun heats earth’s oceans causing convection currents to travel from the equator to the poles.

• The sun heats earth’s oceans causing convection currents to travel from the equator to the poles.

• Convection within earth’s mantle caused by a hot iron core.

• Global wind patterns that determine the direction of surface currents.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6