Super Quad Quiz 1

A physical therapist assistant is applying an intervention to a patient with positional vertigo that employs a 3-step maneuver. The technique used is the?

• Semont

• Epley

• Hoover

• Dix-Hallpike

Answer explanation

The Epley intervention is a 3-step procedure described in the question. The Semont is a 2-step procedure, and the Dix-Hallpike is a diagnostic procedure.

Hoover's sign is a motor sign based on the principle of crossed extensor reflex.

Which type of fracture is most LIKELY in elderly patients with osteoporosis?

• Avulsion

• Compression

• Greenstick

• Compound

Answer explanation

Osteoporosis weakens bones making them brittle and susceptible to fracture, compression fractures in the spine are common with advanced disease. Green stick occurs typically in children, in which one side of the bone is broken and the other only bent. avulsion fracture occurs when a small chunk of bone attached to a tendon or ligament gets pulled away from the main part of the bone. Compound fracture is a break or crack in your bone that is visible through your skin.

A patient presents with a nerve injury and inability to abduct and adduct the fingers. What nerve is MOST likely affected?

• Median Nerve

• Radial Nerve

• Anterior Interrosseous Nerve

• Ulnar Nerve

Answer explanation

The ulnar nerve is the only nerve that innervates the intrinsic hand muscles allowing for abduction (Dorsal Interossei) and adduction (Palmer interossei) of the fingers.

A physical therapist assistant is working with a patient and observes the medial border of the scapula protruding as the patient performs overhead shoulder elevation. The assistant suspects which muscles) to be weak....

Answer explanation

Weakness of the serratus anterior will manifest as scapular winging during overhead elevation.

Which special test is used for rotator cuff shoulder impingement?

• O'Brien's

• Hawkins/Kennedy

• Apprehension Sign

• Fitzgerald

Answer explanation

The Hawkins/Kennedy test is one of the tests used to detect impingement of the shoulder with referral of pain in the subacromial region. The O'Brien's is used for SLAP lesion, the Apprehension test of anterior shoulder instability following dislocation, and the Fitzgerald for the acetabular labrum.

A Venous Filling Time test comes back >15sec, what does this indicate?

• Arterial insufficiency

• HTN

• Peripheral nerve dysfunction

• Venous insufficiency

Answer explanation

Checks time to refill veins after emptying. Greater than 15sec indicates arterial insufficiency.

What is the generally accepted criteria for diagnosing orthostatic hypotension based on a drop in blood pressure?

• A systolic blood pressure drop of at least 10 mmHg

• A diastolic blood pressure drop of at least 20 mmHg

• A systolic blood pressure drop of at least 20 mmHg

• A diastolic blood pressure increase of at least 10 mmHg

Answer explanation

Orthostatic hypotension is a condition characterized by a significant drop in blood pressure upon standing up. The generally accepted diagnostic criteria for orthostatic hypotension involve a reduction in systolic blood pressure of at least 20 mmHg or a reduction in diastolic blood pressure of at least 10 mmHg

What is stroke volume in the context of cardiovascular physiology?

• The amount of blood ejected by the heart per minute

• The volume of blood ejected by the left ventricle per heartbeat

• The total volume of blood in the circulatory system

• The pressure exerted on the arterial walls during ventricular contraction

Answer explanation

Stroke volume refers to the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle of the heart in a single contraction or heartbeat. It is a key component of cardiac output, which is the total volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute. Stroke volume, measured in milliliters, represents the volume of blood expelled from the left ventricle into the aorta with each contraction.

Cardiac output (the total volume of blood pumped per minute) is calculated by multiplying stroke volume by heart rate. So, while stroke volume is the volume of blood ejected per heartbeat, cardiac output is the product of stroke volume and heart rate.

How long does it typically take for significant bone loss to occur in individuals taking corticosteroids?

• Within the first week of treatment

• After one month of treatment

• After six months of treatment

• After one year of treatment

Answer explanation

Corticosteroids, commonly used for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, can have adverse effects on bone health. Prolonged use of corticosteroids is associated with an increased risk of bone loss, leading to conditions like osteoporosis.

What does BPPV stand for?

• Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

• Benign Paroxysmal Peripheral Vertigo

• Bilateral Posterior Positional Vertigo

• Bacterial Paroxysmal Peripheral Vestibular