06.1 - A Voyage of Discovery(20pts.)

How do the images of vertebrates’ forelimbs provide support for the claim:

"Vertebrates share a common ancestor"?

• All of these animals have a version of the 5-digit appendage—though adapted in various ways— which supports the idea that they have a common ancestor

• All of these animals have a version of the 3-bone forearm—though adapted in various ways— which supports the idea that they have arms

• All of these animals have a version of the fin or flipper—though adapted in various ways— which supports the idea that they have evolved from the ocean

• All of these animals have a version of the wrist or ankle—though adapted in various ways— which supports the idea that they live on land

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HS-LS4-1

Identify two other categories of evidence used by scientists to further support the theory:

"Many animals alive today evolved from common ancestors"

• Fossil Record

• DNA Sequences

• Order of appearance of structures in embryological development.

• Geological evidence of the K-T meteor event.

• Photosynthesis rates declining due to global warming.

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HS-LS4-1

According to the data in the task, which of the following relationships should be true in the simulation? [Select all that apply]

• The number of tree species is positively correlated to

  the number of insects

• The number of bird species is negatively correlated to

  the number of insects.

• The height of the canopy is positively correlated with

  the productivity of the farm.

• Non-tree plants are positively correlated with the number

  of insects.

• The number of insects is positively correlated with

  the canopy height.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

If the following farms’ data were modeled;

Which of them would be predicted to have the greatest variety of birds?

• 25 m canopy height,

  8 tree species,

  non-tree plant removed

• 8 m canopy height,

  3 tree species,

  non-tree plants removed

• 3 m canopy height,

  1 tree species,

  non-tree plants remain

• 20 m canopy height,

  15 tree species,

  non-tree plants remain

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HS-LS4-1

After running several different tests with the simulation, a student concluded that monoculture coffee production inevitably leads to decreased biodiversity.

Does the simulation contain enough variables to make this claim?

• The data in the table does not support this conclusion. When more birds are present there are less insects. that leads to more plants and biodiversity is decreased.

• The data in the table support this conclusion. Every time there is a singular crop, or even reduced numbers of tree species, all other diversity is increased.

• The data in the table support this conclusion. Every time there is a singular crop, or even reduced numbers of tree species, all other diversity is decreased.

• Biodiversity is not dependent on monoculture or mixed culture.

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HS-LS4-1

Suggest an addition to the simulation that would provide more evidence that could be used to evaluate the conclusion:

"Monoculture coffee production inevitably leads to decreased biodiversity"

• Adding Hydrogen and Helium to imitate the conditions of the early universe; for science.

• Not only are there fewer birds but there are fewer mammals and fewer bugs; both of these could be further developed in the model.

• Providing nuclear waste to the ecosystem to see how the organisms react; a nuclear spill could happen.

• Having humans build a shopping mall in the ecosystem to mimic real world conditions; humans will contribute more biodiversity.

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HS-LS4-1

The abiotic conditions in an ecosystem underwent a dramatic shift as the result of a volcanic eruption.

Select two statements that identify likely effects of this change.

• Population sizes and types of species in the area will remain stable.

• Some species in the area might become extinct.

• There will be an increase in the number of individuals of species who can survive in the new conditions.

• Abiotic conditions will continue to change but biotic factors will be unaffected.

Answer explanation

The correct answers are that some species in the area might become extinct and there will be an increase in the number of individuals of species who can survive in the new conditions.

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HS-LS4-1

What can you conclude about the relationship of extinct members to living members of carnivores? [Select all that apply.]

• Saber-toothed cats diverged from a common ancestor with modern cats.

• They are more closely related to modern lions than to domestic cats.

• They are more closely related to domestic cats than modern tigers.

• Saber-toothed cats shared a common ancestor with modern cats about

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HS-LS4-1

In Darwin’s time, biologists were arguing that life changed in a process of (a)   . Some of the evidence for changing life came from (b)   , the preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms.

• evolution

• fossils

• revolution

• replication

• embryos

• skeletons

Answer explanation

The correct answers are evolution and fossils. Biologists argued that life changed through evolution, and evidence came from fossils, the preserved remains of ancient organisms.

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HS-LS4-1

Other biologists had proposed evidence and theories that living things had changed over time.

Which feature distinguished Darwin’s theory of evolution from the proposals of the other biologists?

• an argument that evolution could occur

• an explanation of how evolution occurs

• evidence of the origin of life

• evidence that living things change over time

Answer explanation

Darwin's theory of evolution distinguished itself from other proposals by providing an explanation of how evolution occurs.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4