Chapter 2

The Musculoskeletal system consists of:

• The Skeletal system and voluntary muscles

• The skeletal system and involuntary muscles

• The skeletal system and the heart

• The skeletal system and the blood

The muscles 4 key functions are:

• To create new blood cells, movement, circulation and digestion

• Movement, posture, heat production, support

• To get rid of toxins, movement, looking buff, lifting things

• to attach to tendons, movement, to filter blood, heat production

What are the five different muscle shapes within our body?

• Trapezius, deltiod, square, circle

• Round, long, short, irregular

• circular, convergent, parellel, pennate, fusiform

• fast-twitch, slow-twitch, aerobic, anaerobic

Muscles are attached to bones via...

• ligaments

• sinew

• glue

• tendons

Reciprocal Inhibition describes...

• how your muscles will cramp before they tear

• how one muscle shortens while its opposite lengthen

• how your muscles stop lengthening at a certain point

• having low self-esteem about exercise

Muscles can contract in 3 different ways, they are:

• shortening, lengthening, strengthening

• atrophying, hypertrophying, growing

• up, down, hold

• concentrically, eccentrically and isometrically

A motor unit consists of:

• the brain and spinal cord

• the spinal cord and sensory organs

• a motor neurone and all the fibres it stimulates

• the brain and muscle tissue

Slow-twitch fibres are recruited when...

• low contraction force is required

• high contraction force is required

• movement is slow

• movement is fast

Closed kinetic exercises are performed in a ...

• forceful manner with rest intervals

• weight bearing position with movement at multiple joint

• non-weight bearing position with free movement at the joints

• safe, cool environment

The functions of the skeleton are:

• support, digestion, respiration, protection

• circulation, blood production, immunity, posture

• posture, respiration, hair growth, muscle attachment sites

• protection, movement/leverage,blood production, mineral storage, support