Geological Process Quiz

What is the theory that explains the movement of the Earth's lithosphere and the formation of features such as mountains and earthquakes?

• Plate tectonics

• Meteor impact

• Global warming

• Volcanic eruption

What is the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces by physical or chemical means?

• Sedimentation

• Erosion

• Volcanism

• Weathering

Who proposed the theory of continental drift, suggesting that the continents were once joined together and have since drifted apart?

• Alfred Wegener

• Isaac Newton

• Charles Darwin

• Marie Curie

What type of plate boundary occurs when two plates move towards each other, resulting in the formation of mountains or ocean trenches?

• Convergent plate boundary

• Divergent plate boundary

• Transform plate boundary

• Subduction plate boundary

What type of plate boundary occurs when two plates move away from each other, resulting in the formation of new crust?

• Subduction plate boundary

• Divergent plate boundary

• Transform plate boundary

• Convergent plate boundary

What is the process by which one tectonic plate is forced beneath another into the mantle?

• Crustal uplift

• Volcanism

• Erosion

• Subduction

What is the process by which two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally?

• Divergent boundary

• Convergent boundary

• Subduction zone

• Transform fault

What type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

• Volcanic rock

• Metamorphic rock

• Sedimentary rock

• Igneous rock

What type of rock is formed from the accumulation and cementation of sediment?

• Metamorphic rock

• Volcanic rock

• Sedimentary rock

• Igneous rock

What type of rock is formed from the alteration of existing rock through heat, pressure, or chemical processes?

• Volcanic rock

• Metamorphic rock

• Sedimentary rock

• Igneous rock