Astronomy Review

The shift of a star’s apparent position due to Earth’s motion around the Sun is called ____.

• parallax
• retrograde motion
• prograde motion
• geocentricity
• proper motion

Which of the following objects passes through the zodiac?

• Sun
• Planets
• Earth and Moon
• All of these choices are correct.
• None of these choices is correct

What is retrograde motion?

• east to west motion of the Sun over many successive nights
• east to west motion of the Moon relative to the stars over many successive nights
• occasional east to west motion of the planets relative to the stars over many successive nights
• occasional west to east motion of the planets relative to the stars over many successive nights

If you see a bright "star" in the sky, how could you tell whether it is a star or a planet?

• Planets are too dim to be seen without a telescope.
• Planets are round; stars have five points.
• Planets always appear right next to the Moon.
• Look at it several days later—if it's a planet, it will move across the background stars.

The geocentric model was based on the observation that _________.

• everything moves around Earth from east to west
• the sphere was a divine shape
• crystalline spheres rotated through the sky
• the Sun and Moon were flawless spheres
• Earth is motionless in space

In _________ models, the Sun is assumed as the center of the solar system.

• Geocentric
• Anthropomorphic
• Epicyclic
• Heliocentric

Galileo’s observation of the satellites of Jupiter showed that _________.

• there were objects that did not orbit Earth
• planets orbited the Sun
• the Moon was not a flawless sphere
• nothing orbited Earth
• None of these choices is correct

_________ was the first person to measure the circumference of Earth.

• Ptolemy
• Copernicus
• Eratosthenes
• Galileo
• Aristarchus

The curved shape of Earth’s shadow during an eclipse was evidence for _________.

• a flat, circular Earth
• a spherical Earth
• a spherical Moon
• A flat, circular Moon
• None of these choices is correct

Galileo was the first to observe the phases of _____.

• the moon
• Venus
• Earth
• the sun