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Save Languages Every two weeks, a language dies. Languages are becoming extinct faster than endangered animals. Because language is part of national identity, minority languages have often been discriminated against. In the 19th century, Native Australians and American Indians were not allowed to use their native languages in public in Australia and the United States. It was also illegal to speak Celtic languages in Ireland, Scotland and Wales in the street. Some languages die naturally. While the languages of powerful groups have always spread, the languages of smaller cultures have disappeared. Small communities stop speaking their traditional language and choose the more “popular” one. Slowly, older speakers die and the original language is forgotten. Many endangered languages have no written form but they carry amazing knowledge of local environments. Native Australians and South Americans have always used plants to treat people. Unfortunately, many of their languages are dying and this knowledge may one day be lost forever. Christine Davies, from the Enduring Voices project, told us: “We believe we can help save some endangered languages. We are recording the speakers of endangered languages on all continents. For example, in Australia we have recorded the only living speaker of Amurdag. So, this language won’t disappear completely. But while we’re talking now, the last speaker of some native languages all over the world are dying, taking their culture and knowledge with them. So we have to hurry.” 1. In the past, some minority languages ________.

• A. were banned from public use

• B. were made illegal at home

• C. such as Celtic languages were illegal in England

• D. were allowed to be used in Australia

Save Languages Every two weeks, a language dies. Languages are becoming extinct faster than endangered animals. Because language is part of national identity, minority languages have often been discriminated against. In the 19th century, Native Australians and American Indians were not allowed to use their native languages in public in Australia and the United States. It was also illegal to speak Celtic languages in Ireland, Scotland and Wales in the street. Some languages die naturally. While the languages of powerful groups have always spread, the languages of smaller cultures have disappeared. Small communities stop speaking their traditional language and choose the more “popular” one. Slowly, older speakers die and the original language is forgotten. Many endangered languages have no written form but they carry amazing knowledge of local environments. Native Australians and South Americans have always used plants to treat people. Unfortunately, many of their languages are dying and this knowledge may one day be lost forever. Christine Davies, from the Enduring Voices project, told us: “We believe we can help save some endangered languages. We are recording the speakers of endangered languages on all continents. For example, in Australia we have recorded the only living speaker of Amurdag. So, this language won’t disappear completely. But while we’re talking now, the last speaker of some native languages all over the world are dying, taking their culture and knowledge with them. So we have to hurry.”

2. All of the following are the reasons why many traditional languages disappeared EXCEPT that ________.

• A. they were discriminated by powerful groups

• B. other languages provide their speakers with more opportunities

• C. their speakers can't use their languages to communicate

• D. the number of speakers has become extremely small

Save Languages Every two weeks, a language dies. Languages are becoming extinct faster than endangered animals. Because language is part of national identity, minority languages have often been discriminated against. In the 19th century, Native Australians and American Indians were not allowed to use their native languages in public in Australia and the United States. It was also illegal to speak Celtic languages in Ireland, Scotland and Wales in the street. Some languages die naturally. While the languages of powerful groups have always spread, the languages of smaller cultures have disappeared. Small communities stop speaking their traditional language and choose the more “popular” one. Slowly, older speakers die and the original language is forgotten. Many endangered languages have no written form but they carry amazing knowledge of local environments. Native Australians and South Americans have always used plants to treat people. Unfortunately, many of their languages are dying and this knowledge may one day be lost forever. Christine Davies, from the Enduring Voices project, told us: “We believe we can help save some endangered languages. We are recording the speakers of endangered languages on all continents. For example, in Australia we have recorded the only living speaker of Amurdag. So, this language won’t disappear completely. But while we’re talking now, the last speaker of some native languages all over the world are dying, taking their culture and knowledge with them. So we have to hurry.”

3. A lot of languages of smaller cultures ________.

• A. have been preserved by larger ones

• B. have died naturally

• C. have been used only in written form

• D. have no longer been used

Save Languages Every two weeks, a language dies. Languages are becoming extinct faster than endangered animals. Because language is part of national identity, minority languages have often been discriminated against. In the 19th century, Native Australians and American Indians were not allowed to use their native languages in public in Australia and the United States. It was also illegal to speak Celtic languages in Ireland, Scotland and Wales in the street. Some languages die naturally. While the languages of powerful groups have always spread, the languages of smaller cultures have disappeared. Small communities stop speaking their traditional language and choose the more “popular” one. Slowly, older speakers die and the original language is forgotten. Many endangered languages have no written form but they carry amazing knowledge of local environments. Native Australians and South Americans have always used plants to treat people. Unfortunately, many of their languages are dying and this knowledge may one day be lost forever. Christine Davies, from the Enduring Voices project, told us: “We believe we can help save some endangered languages. We are recording the speakers of endangered languages on all continents. For example, in Australia we have recorded the only living speaker of Amurdag. So, this language won’t disappear completely. But while we’re talking now, the last speaker of some native languages all over the world are dying, taking their culture and knowledge with them. So we have to hurry.”

4. When languages by Native Australians and South Americans disappear, ________ may be lost.

• A. their written forms

• B. traditional knowledge of various fields

• C. knowledge of professional treatment

• D. the world’s knowledge

Save Languages Every two weeks, a language dies. Languages are becoming extinct faster than endangered animals. Because language is part of national identity, minority languages have often been discriminated against. In the 19th century, Native Australians and American Indians were not allowed to use their native languages in public in Australia and the United States. It was also illegal to speak Celtic languages in Ireland, Scotland and Wales in the street. Some languages die naturally. While the languages of powerful groups have always spread, the languages of smaller cultures have disappeared. Small communities stop speaking their traditional language and choose the more “popular” one. Slowly, older speakers die and the original language is forgotten. Many endangered languages have no written form but they carry amazing knowledge of local environments. Native Australians and South Americans have always used plants to treat people. Unfortunately, many of their languages are dying and this knowledge may one day be lost forever. Christine Davies, from the Enduring Voices project, told us: “We believe we can help save some endangered languages. We are recording the speakers of endangered languages on all continents. For example, in Australia we have recorded the only living speaker of Amurdag. So, this language won’t disappear completely. But while we’re talking now, the last speaker of some native languages all over the world are dying, taking their culture and knowledge with them. So we have to hurry.”

5. The goal of the Enduring Voices project is ________ of some endangered languages.

• A. to preserve records

• B. to save living speakers

• C. to promote the development

• D. to stop the disappearance

Tourism and Heritage Protection Travelling is a great thing to do. It helps us learn about different people and different places. Some people travel because they want to see nature. Others travel because they want to make friends and try great food. Of course, a lot of tourists are interested in traditional culture. Tourism can be very good for traditional cultures. This is because when people travel to another country, they often want to learn more about that country’s traditions, such as music, food, and history. Therefore, the local people in that country will keep their traditional culture alive. They will wear traditional clothing, and sell traditional food. They will also have shows for tourists. These shows can be dances, concerts, plays, or something else. Tourism also helps people respect each other. If you understand another culture well, you will probably respect that culture much more. You will probably want to protect that culture as well. However, tourism is not always good for traditional culture. Many people say that tourism creates “fake traditional culture”. This means that the local people wear traditional costumes, and do traditional dances only for tourists, but that is not their real lifestyle. Their real lifestyles are similar to the tourists’ lifestyle. They are just pretending because they want to make money. Another problem is that tourists can interfere with the local people’s lives. For example, sometimes tourists come to watch local people praying in temples. While the local people pray, tourists take photographs and make noise. This often bothers the local people. Sometimes tourists also damage local sites. If 500 people enter an ancient temple every day, they may damage that temple. No matter what, more and more tourists want to learn about traditional cultures. Most local people want more tourism, because tourists bring money and help local businesses. Tourists have to respect local culture and places. Local governments have to make laws that protect places and lifestyles. If everyone is responsible, then tourism will be great for traditional cultures.

1. What is the main point of the passage?

• A. Tourism is always good for traditional culture

• B. Tourism is always bad for traditional culture.

• C. Tourism can be good and bad for traditional culture

• D. Tourists don’t care about traditional culture

Tourism and Heritage Protection Travelling is a great thing to do. It helps us learn about different people and different places. Some people travel because they want to see nature. Others travel because they want to make friends and try great food. Of course, a lot of tourists are interested in traditional culture. Tourism can be very good for traditional cultures. This is because when people travel to another country, they often want to learn more about that country’s traditions, such as music, food, and history. Therefore, the local people in that country will keep their traditional culture alive. They will wear traditional clothing, and sell traditional food. They will also have shows for tourists. These shows can be dances, concerts, plays, or something else. Tourism also helps people respect each other. If you understand another culture well, you will probably respect that culture much more. You will probably want to protect that culture as well. However, tourism is not always good for traditional culture. Many people say that tourism creates “fake traditional culture”. This means that the local people wear traditional costumes, and do traditional dances only for tourists, but that is not their real lifestyle. Their real lifestyles are similar to the tourists’ lifestyle. They are just pretending because they want to make money. Another problem is that tourists can interfere with the local people’s lives. For example, sometimes tourists come to watch local people praying in temples. While the local people pray, tourists take photographs and make noise. This often bothers the local people. Sometimes tourists also damage local sites. If 500 people enter an ancient temple every day, they may damage that temple. No matter what, more and more tourists want to learn about traditional cultures. Most local people want more tourism, because tourists bring money and help local businesses. Tourists have to respect local culture and places. Local governments have to make laws that protect places and lifestyles. If everyone is responsible, then tourism will be great for traditional cultures.

2. Why do local people want tourism?

• A. Tourists bring money.

• B. Tourists help teach local people.

• C. Tourists tell local people about business.

• D. Tourists destroy traditional culture.

Tourism and Heritage Protection Travelling is a great thing to do. It helps us learn about different people and different places. Some people travel because they want to see nature. Others travel because they want to make friends and try great food. Of course, a lot of tourists are interested in traditional culture. Tourism can be very good for traditional cultures. This is because when people travel to another country, they often want to learn more about that country’s traditions, such as music, food, and history. Therefore, the local people in that country will keep their traditional culture alive. They will wear traditional clothing, and sell traditional food. They will also have shows for tourists. These shows can be dances, concerts, plays, or something else. Tourism also helps people respect each other. If you understand another culture well, you will probably respect that culture much more. You will probably want to protect that culture as well. However, tourism is not always good for traditional culture. Many people say that tourism creates “fake traditional culture”. This means that the local people wear traditional costumes, and do traditional dances only for tourists, but that is not their real lifestyle. Their real lifestyles are similar to the tourists’ lifestyle. They are just pretending because they want to make money. Another problem is that tourists can interfere with the local people’s lives. For example, sometimes tourists come to watch local people praying in temples. While the local people pray, tourists take photographs and make noise. This often bothers the local people. Sometimes tourists also damage local sites. If 500 people enter an ancient temple every day, they may damage that temple. No matter what, more and more tourists want to learn about traditional cultures. Most local people want more tourism, because tourists bring money and help local businesses. Tourists have to respect local culture and places. Local governments have to make laws that protect places and lifestyles. If everyone is responsible, then tourism will be great for traditional cultures.

3. What is one problem that tourists create?

• A. They hurt local people.

• B. They steal money from local people

• C. They hurt local businesses.

• D. They interfere with local lifestyles.

Tourism and Heritage Protection Travelling is a great thing to do. It helps us learn about different people and different places. Some people travel because they want to see nature. Others travel because they want to make friends and try great food. Of course, a lot of tourists are interested in traditional culture. Tourism can be very good for traditional cultures. This is because when people travel to another country, they often want to learn more about that country’s traditions, such as music, food, and history. Therefore, the local people in that country will keep their traditional culture alive. They will wear traditional clothing, and sell traditional food. They will also have shows for tourists. These shows can be dances, concerts, plays, or something else. Tourism also helps people respect each other. If you understand another culture well, you will probably respect that culture much more. You will probably want to protect that culture as well. However, tourism is not always good for traditional culture. Many people say that tourism creates “fake traditional culture”. This means that the local people wear traditional costumes, and do traditional dances only for tourists, but that is not their real lifestyle. Their real lifestyles are similar to the tourists’ lifestyle. They are just pretending because they want to make money. Another problem is that tourists can interfere with the local people’s lives. For example, sometimes tourists come to watch local people praying in temples. While the local people pray, tourists take photographs and make noise. This often bothers the local people. Sometimes tourists also damage local sites. If 500 people enter an ancient temple every day, they may damage that temple. No matter what, more and more tourists want to learn about traditional cultures. Most local people want more tourism, because tourists bring money and help local businesses. Tourists have to respect local culture and places. Local governments have to make laws that protect places and lifestyles. If everyone is responsible, then tourism will be great for traditional cultures.

4. The word “They” in the second paragraph refers to __________.

• A. tourists

• B. local people

• C. tourist guides

• D. dancers

Travelling is a great thing to do. It helps us learn about different people and different places. Some people travel because they want to see nature. Others travel because they want to make friends and try great food. Of course, a lot of tourists are interested in traditional culture. Tourism can be very good for traditional cultures. This is because when people travel to another country, they often want to learn more about that country’s traditions, such as music, food, and history. Therefore, the local people in that country will keep their traditional culture alive. They will wear traditional clothing, and sell traditional food. They will also have shows for tourists. These shows can be dances, concerts, plays, or something else. Tourism also helps people respect each other. If you understand another culture well, you will probably respect that culture much more. You will probably want to protect that culture as well. However, tourism is not always good for traditional culture. Many people say that tourism creates “fake traditional culture”. This means that the local people wear traditional costumes, and do traditional dances only for tourists, but that is not their real lifestyle. Their real lifestyles are similar to the tourists’ lifestyle. They are just pretending because they want to make money. Another problem is that tourists can interfere with the local people’s lives. For example, sometimes tourists come to watch local people praying in temples. While the local people pray, tourists take photographs and make noise. This often bothers the local people. Sometimes tourists also damage local sites. If 500 people enter an ancient temple every day, they may damage that temple. No matter what, more and more tourists want to learn about traditional cultures. Most local people want more tourism, because tourists bring money and help local businesses. Tourists have to respect local culture and places. Local governments have to make laws that protect places and lifestyles. If everyone is responsible, then tourism will be great for traditional cultures.

5. What does the second sentence of the third paragraph mean?

• A. If you don’t respect other people, then they won’t respect you

• B. If you understand another culture, then you will respect it more.

• C. If you respect yourself, then other people will respect you, too.

• D. Nobody respects traditional culture anymore.