Unit 3-Gravity, Eclipses, & Tides

1. The alignment of the Sun-Earth-Moon system in the diagram below models which of the following phenomena? (8-ESS1-1)

• A lunar eclipse where the Moon blocks the Sun's light from reaching part of Earth.
• A solar eclipse where the Moon blocks the Sun's light from reaching part of Earth.
• A lunar eclipse where the Sun's light cannot reach the Moon.
• A solar eclipse where the Sun's light cannot reach the Moon.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

2. Which of the following statements is true based on the scaled properties of the solar system model below? (8-ESS1-3)

• The inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) are very similar in size.
• The outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) are very similar in size.
• The distance between Jupiter and Saturn is very similar to the distance between Mercury and Venus.
• Jupiter is only slightly smaller than the Sun.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

3. The gravitational pull of the Moon and Sun on Earth as seen in the diagram below would result in which of the following? (8-ESS1-1)

• A quarter moon
• Summertime
• High (Spring) tide
• Low (Neap) tide

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

4. In the diagram below, Earth is experiencing summer in the Northern Hemisphere on June 20/21. During summer, the Northern Hemisphere will experience increased heating on Earth's surface due to which of the following? (8-ESS1-1)

• The Sun creates additional heat to project at Earth during summer.
• The Earth moves closer to the Sun during summer.
• As the Earth orbits the Sun, it is tilted on its axis. During summer, the Earth points more directly at the Sun.
• The Earth rotates faster during summer creating more heat.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

5. The Oort cloud is at the very outer edge of our solar system. Which statement best describes why our solar system ends with the Oort cloud. (8-ESS1-2)

• The Sun's gravitational pull is too weak to attract objects beyond the Oort cloud due to the great distance between the Sun and the Oort cloud.
• The Sun is too small to exert a large gravitational pull on objects in our solar system.
• There aren't many objects in outer space beyond the Oort cloud.
• The Sun's gravitational force is already used up by the other objects in our solar system.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

6. Galaxies, such as the galaxies in the image below, contain billions of stars each. Which statement best describes the role gravity plays within galaxies? (8-ESS1-2)

• Gravity keeps the galaxies identical to each other.
• Gravity is an attractive force between all objects. Gravitational force keeps objects within galaxies in motion and holds the systems within galaxies together.
• Galaxies are too large to experience motion from gravitational force.
• Not all galaxies are affected by gravitational force.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

7. Based on the scaled drawing of the solar system below, which of the planets would take the longest time to orbit the Sun? (8-ESS1-3)

• Jupiter
• Mercury
• Neptune
• Venus

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

8. Which one of the following statements can be supported with the below model of scaled properties of objects in the solar system? (8-ESS1-3)

• Neptune is a cold planet due to its distance from the Sun.
• Saturn is a similar distance from the Sun as Venus.
• Earth's moon is comparable in size to planets in our solar system.
• The inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) would receive similar amounts of solar radiation from the Sun as the outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) would.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

9. Which of the following statements best supports why Jupiter has many moons. (8-ESS1-2)

• Jupiter's large mass causes a large gravitational pull to attract objects within Jupiter's orbit.
• Jupiter's rotation speed causes the attraction of moons.
• There is no explanation for the moons around Jupiter.
• Jupiter's gas composition creates extra moons.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

10. The image above models which force that is responsible for the motions within the solar system? (8-ESS1-2)

• Revolution
• Gravity
• Inertia
• Rotation

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4