Quiz about Geology Vocabulary

Question 1

The study of rocks and the Earth

Accepted Answer

Geology

Answer

Mineralogy

Answer

Seismology

Answer

Paleontology

Question 2

A naturally occurring solid substance with a definite chemical composition and a crystalline structure?

Accepted Answer

Mineral

Answer

Rock

Answer

Ore

Answer

Sediment

Question 3

The study of minerals

Accepted Answer

Mineralogy

Answer

Seismology

Answer

Paleontology

Answer

Volcanology

Question 4

A scientist who specializes in studying earthquakes

Accepted Answer

Seismologist

Answer

Mineralogist

Answer

Paleontologist

Answer

Volcanologist

Question 5

The study of fossils

Accepted Answer

Paleontology

Answer

Mineralogy

Answer

Seismology

Answer

Volcanology

Question 6

The study of volcanoes

Accepted Answer

Volcanologist

Answer

Mineralogist

Answer

Seismologist

Answer

Paleontologist

Question 7

The color of the powdered form of a mineral

Accepted Answer

Streak

Answer

Luster

Answer

Density

Answer

Hardness

Question 8

The way light reflects off the surface of a mineral

Accepted Answer

Luster

Answer

Streak

Answer

Density

Answer

Hardness

Question 9

The mass per unit volume of a substance

Accepted Answer

Density

Answer

Streak

Answer

Luster

Answer

Hardness

Question 10

The measurement of a mineral's resistance to being scratched

Accepted Answer

Hardness

Answer

Streak

Answer

Luster

Answer

Density

Question 11

The way a mineral breaks along planes of weakness

Accepted Answer

Cleavage

Answer

Fracture

Answer

Ore

Answer

Streak

Question 12

When a rock or mineral breaks irregularly it's called a ____.

Accepted Answer

Fracture

Answer

Cleavage

Answer

Ore

Answer

Streak

Question 13

A naturally occurring material that can be mined for profit

Accepted Answer

Ore

Answer

Cleavage

Answer

Fracture

Answer

Surface Mining

Question 14

The extraction of minerals from Earth's surface

Accepted Answer

Surface Mining

Answer

Underground Mining

Answer

Fracture

Answer

Ore

Question 15

The extraction of minerals from beneath the Earth's surface

Accepted Answer

Underground Mining

Answer

Gemstone Mining

Answer

Ore

Answer

Surface Mining

Question 16

A rare and attractive mineral

Accepted Answer

Gemstone

Answer

Ore

Answer

Igneous Rocks

Answer

Metamorphic Rocks

Question 17

The type of rock that forms from the cooling and solidification of magma/lava

Accepted Answer

Igneous Rock

Answer

Metamorphic Rock

Answer

Sedimentary Rock

Answer

Crystallization

Question 18

The type of rock that forms from the alteration of pre-existing rock through heat & pressure

Accepted Answer

Metamorphic Rock

Answer

Igneous Rock

Answer

Sedimentary Rock

Answer

Crystals

Question 19

The type of rock that forms from the lithification of sediments

Accepted Answer

Sedimentary Rock

Answer

Igneous Rock

Answer

Metamorphic Rock

Answer

Crystallization

Question 20

The process by which an igneous rock forms from cooling magma/lava

Accepted Answer

Crystallization

Answer

Lithification

Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Erosion

Question 21

The process that causes an existing rock to break into sediments

Accepted Answer

Erosion

Answer

Lithification

Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Crystallization

Question 22

The process of compaction and cementation that creates a sedimentary rock.

Accepted Answer

Lithification

Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Crystallization

Question 23

The process that changes an existing rock into a new kind of rock.

Accepted Answer

Metamorphism

Answer

Lithification

Answer

Erosion

Answer

Crystallization

Question 24

An igneous rock that was formed inside the earth

Accepted Answer

Intrusive

Answer

Extrustive

Answer

Felsic

Answer

Mafic

Question 25

An igneous rock that was formed on Earth's surface.

Accepted Answer

Extrustive

Answer

Intrusive

Answer

Felsic

Answer

Mafic

Question 26

A light color & low density igneous rock.

Accepted Answer

Felsic

Answer

Intrusive

Answer

Extrustive

Answer

Mafic

Question 27

A dark color & high density igneous rock.

Accepted Answer

Mafic

Answer

Intrusive

Answer

Extrustive

Answer

Felsic

Question 28

A rock with large sediments or crystals.

Accepted Answer

Coarse Grained

Answer

Fine Grained

Answer

Clastic

Answer

Bioclastic

Question 29

A rock with small sediments or crystals.

Accepted Answer

Fine Grained

Answer

Coarse Grained

Answer

Clastic

Answer

Bioclastic

Question 30

A sedimentary rock made from inorganic sediments.

Accepted Answer

Clastic

Answer

Coarse Grained

Answer

Fine Grained

Answer

Bioclastic

Question 31

A sedimentary rock made from organic sediments.

Accepted Answer

Bioclastic

Answer

Coarse Grained

Answer

Fine Grained

Answer

Clastic

Question 32

A metamorphic rock can form layers called ___ as a result of pressure in one direction.

Accepted Answer

Foilation

Answer

Strata

Answer

Crystallization

Answer

Intrusion

Question 33

The outermost layer of the earth

Accepted Answer

crust

Answer

mantle

Answer

inner core

Answer

outer core

Question 34

The semisolid layer of the earth where the most convection takes place.

Accepted Answer

mantle

Answer

crust

Answer

inner core

Answer

outer core

Question 35

The only fully liquid layer of the earth where Earth's magnetic field is generated.

Accepted Answer

outer core

Answer

crust

Answer

mantle

Answer

inner core

Question 36

The solid layer of mostly iron and nickel.

Accepted Answer

inner core

Answer

crust

Answer

mantle

Answer

outer core

Question 37

The solid outer layer of the earth that includes both types of crust and the solid upper mantle.

Accepted Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Asthenosphere

Answer

Mesosphere

Answer

Exosphere

Question 38

The semisolid middle layer of the mantle where most of the convection takes place.

Accepted Answer

Asthenosphere

Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Mesosphere

Answer

Exosphere

Question 39

The solid lower layer of the mantle that separates the semisolid middle mantle and liquid outer core.

Accepted Answer

Mesosphere

Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Asthenosphere

Answer

Exosphere

Question 40

The thicker less dense type of crust

Accepted Answer

continental crust

Answer

oceanic crust

Answer

mantle

Answer

lithosphere

Question 41

The thinner more dense type of crust

Accepted Answer

oceanic crust

Answer

continental crust

Answer

mantle

Answer

lithosphere

Question 42

The name of the supercontinent that existed 250 million years ago.

Accepted Answer

Pangea

Answer

continental drift

Answer

seafloor spreading

Answer

Wegener

Question 43

The scientist who first purposed the idea that continents have moved over time

Accepted Answer

Wegener

Answer

Pangea

Answer

continental drift

Answer

seafloor spreading

Question 44

The accepted explanation for how continents are able to move.

Accepted Answer

seafloor spreading

Answer

Pangea

Answer

continental drift

Answer

Wegener

Question 45

The phenomena of different aged rocks pointing towards different north poles

Accepted Answer

Apparent Polar Wander

Answer

Bathymetric

Answer

Sonar

Answer

Continental Drift

Question 46

A type of map showing depths in a body of water

Accepted Answer

Bathymetric

Answer

Topographic

Answer

Sonar

Answer

Abyssal

Question 47

The device used to map the seafloor. Also called an echo sounder.

Accepted Answer

Sonar

Answer

Topographic

Answer

Bathymetric

Answer

Magnetometer

Question 48

The area on the ocean floor where new seafloor is being created.

Accepted Answer

Mid Ocean Ridge

Answer

Trench

Answer

Ring of Fire

Answer

Plate

Question 49

The deepest parts of the ocean where old seafloor is being destroyed.

Accepted Answer

Trench

Answer

Mid Ocean Ridge

Answer

Ring of Fire

Answer

Plate

Question 50

The area on earth with the most volcanic activity,

Accepted Answer

Ring of Fire

Answer

Mid Ocean Ridge

Answer

Trench

Answer

Plate

Question 51

A large section of lithosphere that "floats" on top of the semisolid mantle and slowly moves around.

Accepted Answer

Plate

Answer

Mid Ocean Ridge

Answer

Trench

Answer

Ring of Fire

Question 52

When two plates come together

Accepted Answer

convergent

Answer

divergent

Answer

transform

Answer

subduction

Question 53

When two plates spread apart

Accepted Answer

divergent

Answer

convergent

Answer

transform

Answer

subduction

Question 54

When two plates slide side-by-side

Accepted Answer

transform

Answer

convergent

Answer

divergent

Answer

subduction

Question 55

When one plate slides underneath another plate.

Accepted Answer

subduction

Answer

convergent

Answer

divergent

Answer

transform

Question 56

What causes rocks to bend or break. Also the measurement of force per unit area.

Accepted Answer

Stress

Answer

Fold

Answer

Fault

Answer

Joint

Question 57

A permeant bend in a rock

Accepted Answer

Fold

Answer

Stress

Answer

Fault

Answer

Joint

Question 58

A fracture in a rock that causes the rocks move

Accepted Answer

Fault

Answer

Stress

Answer

Fold

Answer

Joint

Question 59

A fracture in a rock with no movement

Accepted Answer

Joint

Answer

Stress

Answer

Fold

Answer

Fault

Question 60

The simple "one step" fold in a rock shown.

Accepted Answer

Monocline

Answer

Anticline

Answer

Syncline

Answer

Dome

Question 61

The simple "one step" fold in a rock shown.

Accepted Answer

Monocline

Answer

Anticline

Answer

Syncline

Answer

Dome

Question 62

An upwards bend in a rock, as shown.

Accepted Answer

Syncline

Answer

Monocline

Answer

Anticline

Answer

Dome

Question 63

A downwards bend in a rock, as shown.

Accepted Answer

Anticline

Answer

Monocline

Answer

Syncline

Answer

Dome

Question 64

The type of fault shown

Accepted Answer

Normal Dip-Slip

Answer

Reverse Dip-Slip

Answer

Right Lateral Strike-Slip

Answer

Left Lateral Strike-Slip

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