Unit 2 Final Exam Review

Cells use a molecule called _ to store and release energy like a battery. The energy is stored in chemical bonds between _ groups of the molecule, and the energy is released when the chemical bonds are broken.

• DNA, phosphate

• ATP, phosphate

• DNA, nucleotide

• ATP, nucleotide

Plants, algae, and some bacteria use the energy of sunlight in the process of _. The process converts the energy from sunlight into chemical energy stored in the bonds of _.

• cellular respiration, carbohydrates

• photosynthesis, carbon dioxide

• cellular respiration, carbon dioxide

• photosynthesis, carbohydrates

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Which of these events occurs during the normal function of ATP in the cell?

• A chemical bond forms between the adenine unit and the third phosphate group.

• The chemical bond breaks between the adenine and ribose units.

• The chemical bond breaks between the ribose unit and the first phosphate group.

• The chemical bond breaks between the second and third phosphate groups.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Which statement best describes the relationship between adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

• With an input of energy, ADP rearranges to become ATP.

• Without any energy change, ADP rearranges to become ATP.

• With an input of energy, ADP combines with a phosphate group to become ATP.

• With a release of energy, ADP combines with a phosphate group to become ATP.

A mushroom gains its energy by decomposing the tissues of dead organisms. Should mushrooms be classified as autotrophs, heterotrophs, in both groups, or in neither group, and for what reason?

• They are autotrophs because they do not eat their food, as animals do.

• They are autotrophs because decomposition is very similar to photosynthesis.

• They are heterotrophs because their food is made by other organisms.

• They are both autotrophs and heterotrophs, because they may grow in sunlight or darkness.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

During photosynthesis, cells capture the energy of sunlight using _, which is a type of _.

• chlorophyll, pigment

• stroma, pigment

• chlorophyll, carbohydrate

• stroma, carbohydrate

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and _ are converted through a series of reactions into two products: high-energy _ and oxygen gas.

• oxygen, sugars

• water, proteins

• oxygen, proteins

• water, sugars

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

The diagram shows the structure of a chloroplast.

Sandra wants to modify the diagram to include chlorophyll. Which would be the most useful strategy?

• Add representations of chlorophyll molecules inside the stroma.

• Add representations of chlorophyll molecules on the outer membrane.

• Group two or more grana together, and label them as chlorophyll.

• Add an enlarged illustration of a thylakoid, and represent chlorophyll molecules in the thylakoid membrane.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Vernon is using the diagram shown below to develop a model of  photosynthesis. The letters A, B, and C each represent a reactant or product of the process.

Should water (H2O) be included in the model as a reactant or product? If so, how should it be included?

• Yes, as reactant A.

• Yes, as product B.

• Yes, as reactant C.

• No, it should not be Included.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

Vernon is using the diagram shown below to develop a model of  photosynthesis. The letters A, B, and C each represent a reactant or product of the process.

What is the role of compound C?

• a reactant that provides the energy for assembling sugars

• a reactant that provides the carbon and hydrogen for sugars

• a reactant that provides the carbon and oxygen for sugars

• a product that forms along with sugars

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-5

NGSS.HS-LS2-5