Present and Past

The affirmative form of the Present Indefinite is a ________ form (e.g. I work, he works, etc.). But the interrogative and negative forms are built up ___________, by means of the ________ verb do in the Present Indefinite and the infinitive of the notional verb without the particle to.

Clauses of ________ are introduced by the conjunctions if, unless, on condition (that), provided (providing) and in case.

Clauses of ________ are introduced by the conjunctions even if, even though, no matter how, whenever, whatever, however, etc.

The Present Indefinite may be used to indicate a ________ action which is certain to take place according to a timetable, programme, schedule, command or arrangement worked out for a person or persons officially.

A final consonant is doubled if it is preceded by a ______ stressed vowel or if a verb ends in a stressed -er (-ur) (e.g. cut — cutting, begin — beginning, prefer — preferring, occur — occurring).

Some of the other verbs included in the list of stative verbs may also be occasionally used in the continuous form. Then the actions indicated by these verbs express ______  _________ of feeling.

Present Perfect is not used when there is an indication of past time in the sentence. It is the ________ that is used in this case.

• Past Indefinite

• Past Perfect Continuous

• Past Perfect

The Present Perfect Continuous falls within the time sphere of the __________.

• present

• perfect

• continuous

• All answers are wrong

When the two actions are fully ___________, the Past Indefinite is generally used in both clauses. e.g. Ann Chester looked her best when she smiled.

The Past Continuous is used to express an action which was going on at a given moment in the past. The most typical feature of this use of the Past Continuous is that...

• the precise time limits of the action are not known

• its beginning is not specified

• its end is not specified