Validity

To be both valid and reliable, data points must be:

• precise and accurate

• precise and focused

• focused and accurate

• accurate and on target

A good definition of convergent construct validity is:

• same results...everytime

• predicts outcomes

• tests a concept accurately

• appearance of correctness

the lowest form of validity is:

• criterion

• construct

• content

• face

You want to see if your new strength measure is valid. You have the patient fill out the new survey that should measure their ability to lift heavy objects. Afterwards, ask them to lift up 100 pound stones and count how many times they can do that. You find that the ability to lift stones correlates significantly with the new measure. What type of validity is this?

• criterion-predictive

• criterion- concurrent

• construct-convergent

• construct-divergent

You gave an individual a test for strength and one for flexibility. If the strength test had high discriminant validity, you would expect the scores on the two measures to be:

• opposite- one high one low

• both high

• both low

A change of 5 points is needed on a balance test to exceed the error that exists when administering the test. This is called the

• minimal clinical difference

• clinically significant difference

• minimal detectable change

• important minimal difference

If you have a mean of 100, and 1 standard deviation equals 15, what is the likely 95% confidence interval?

• 85-115

• 70-130

• 55-145

• 85-100

The lower the sample size, the ______ the _______.

• higher; variance

• lower; variance

• higher; power

• lower; type 1 error

It is better at baseline for groups to have _____________ on the dependent variable.

• more overlap- homogeneous

• more overlap- heterogeneous

• less overlap-homogeneous

• more overlap- heterogeneous

One way to reduce your chance of finding Type I error is to:

• set alpha higher

• set beta lower

• correct for the number of tests

• run as many tests as possible