Norris-2nd 9 Weeks Science DCA Study Session.

Galveston Bay, an estuary in South Texas, is shown below. The amount of salt in the water changes with the tides. Sometimes the water is mostly freshwater, and sometimes it is mixed with saltwater. Various plant species live in this environment and provide a habitat for other organisms.

To successfully live in an estuary, a plant species

must have an adaptation that allows it to-

• produce small amounts of waste

• absorb large amounts of oxygen

• filter excess salt

• grow taller toward the sun

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Fish in a lake have to compete for space. Different fish have different optimal temperature ranges. The graph below shows the temperature ranges of four fish species.

At which temperature range will there be the most competition for space among these fish species?

• 10-15 degrees Celsius
• 20 degrees Celsius

• 25-30 degrees Celsius

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This satellite photograph shows an area in Alaska after a fire occurred.

Which statement best describes the most likely effect the fire had on the river in the 12 months after it occurred?

• Less sediment flowed into the river because the fire heated up the soil and made it drier

• Populations of animals would increase due to the natural disaster

• More sediment flowed into the river because the fire destroyed most of the vegetation holding the sediment in place

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The graph below shows the percent of seeds from two plant species that sprout when grown in water containing different amounts of salt.

Which of the following best summarizes the effect of saltwater on these plant species?

• Saltwater has no effect on the sprouting of these plant species.
• Both species can sprout in freshwater and saltwater, but species 2 can sprout in a higher salt concentration.

• Saltwater has a positive effect on the sprouting of these plant species.

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Which organisms in the food web shown above compete for the same food source in this environment?

• Frogs and Snakes

• Snakes and Decomposers

• Grasshoppers and Snakes

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Which of these correctly describes a relationship between organisms in the soil food web below?

• Protozoa get food from Large Nemotodes

• Birds get nutrients from mammals

• Bacteria get nutrients from organic material

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The flow of energy in some Australian food chains is modeled in the energy pyramid below.

Based on the model, which consumers would receive the greatest amount of energy captured by the producers in their food chains?

• Kangaroo Paw Plants

• Wedge-tailed Hawks

• Ring-tailed opposums

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In this food web, which two organisms have a predator/prey relationship?

• Grasshopper and Rabbit

• Grasshopper and Owl

• Snake and Grasshopper

• Owl and Frog

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Which of the following correctly shows the organization in an ecosystem, from the smallest to the largest level?

• Organism, Population, Ecosystem, Community, Biome

• Organism, Community, Population, Biome, Ecosystem

• Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biome

• Biome, Ecosystem, Community, Population, Species

The food webs below model relationships among the organisms in two ecosystems.

Which ecosystem would be more likely to survive if a disease killed the grasses?

• No change.

• Forrest Food Web

• Grassland Food Change

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