The Origins of Hinduism and Buddhism

What two things characterized cities in the Indus Valley?

• Poorly-planned layouts and advanced irrigation systems
• Unplanned layouts and primitive drainage systems
• Well-planned layouts and no drainage systems
• Well-planned layouts and advanced drainage systems

Why do historians know so little about the people of the Indus Valley Civilization?

• The people of the Indus Valley Civilization did not leave any artifacts behind.
• The people of the Indus Valley Civilization were nomadic and did not settle in one place.
• The writing system of the Indus Valley Civilization has not yet been deciphered.
• The people of the Indus Valley Civilization did not have a written language.

What were the Vedas (or Vedic Hymns?)

• Ancient Greek poems
• Buddhist texts
• Modern-day Hindu scriptures
• Ancient Hindu scriptures containing hymns, mantras, and rituals.

What was the relationship between Brahmins and kings in what came to be called Brahmanism?

• Brahmins were the priestly class and provided guidance to the kings.
• Brahmins were the merchants and traded with the kings.
• Brahmins were the ruling class and had authority over the kings.
• Brahmins were the warriors and protected the kings.

What aspects of people's lives did the caste system determine?

• Religion, education, and political affiliation
• Physical appearance, age, and gender
• Geographic location, language, and diet
• Jobs, Who people could hang out with, and Who people could marry

What are atman and brahman?

• Characters in a Bollywood movie
• Famous landmarks in Mumbai
• Atman is the Hindu concept of the Soul, Brahmin is the universal collection of energy/souls

• Types of food in Indian cuisine

What is moksha in the Hindu faith?

• Achieving enlightenment through meditation
• Attaining material wealth and success
• Becoming a deity in the afterlife
• Liberation from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth

What role does reincarnation play in the Hindu faith?

• Reincarnation is the belief in the power of meditation in Hinduism.
• Reincarnation is the belief in the existence of multiple gods in Hinduism.
• Reincarnation is the belief in the afterlife in Hinduism.
• Reincarnation is the belief in the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth in Hinduism.

What idea is karma based on?

• Karma is based on the alignment of the stars and planets
• Karma is based on the number of good deeds one does in a day
• Karma is based on the color of one's aura
• Actions in this life determine future lives

Who was Siddhartha Gautama?

• Genghis Khan
• Buddha
• Julius Caesar
• Napoleon Bonaparte