Chapter 22 and 23 Early Astronomy and The Solar System

The geocentric model of the solar system has the planets

• a. and the moon orbiting the sun.

• b.orbiting the sun and the moon orbiting Earth.

• c. and the moon and sun orbiting Earth.

• d. orbiting the sun and the sun orbiting Earth.

What does the heliocentric model of the solar system state?

• a. Earth and the other planets orbit the sun.

• b. All of the planets and the sun orbit Earth.

• c. Only the moon and Earth orbit the sun.

• d. The planets orbit Earth, which orbits the sun.

Who was the first person to propose a heliocentric model of the universe?

• a. Archimedes

• b. Aristarchus

• c. Ptolemy

• d. Galileo

After the Middle Ages, the astronomer who changed the model of the solar system by placing the sun at its center was

• Galileo

• Ptolemy

• Copernicus

• Kepler

Which astronomer discovered that the planets orbit the sun in oval-shaped paths called ellipses?

• a. Galileo

• b. Archimedes

• c. Copernicus

• d. Kepler

Galileo's most important contribution to astronomy was his

• a. discovery of evidence that the sun is the center of the solar system.

• b. set of calculations of the size of each of the planets.

• c. discovery of the planet Mars.

• d. description of the behavior of moving objects.

Isaac Newton was the first person to formulate and test the law of

• a. universal gravitation.

• b. acceleration.

• c. orbital velocity.

• d. universal mass.

The spinning of Earth on its axis is called

• a. revolution.

• b. precession.

• c. rotation.

• d. perihelion.

What is Earth's motion in its path around the sun called?

• a. aphelion

• b. rotation

• c. precession

• d. revolution

What is precession?

• a. the tilt of Earth's axis in relation to the ecliptic

• b. the rotation of Earth as it moves around the sun

• c. the faster orbital velocity of the planet at perihelion

• d. the slow change in the direction in which Earth's axis tilts