Unit 3 - Interactions of Energy and Matter

What is the definition of Conduction?

• A tiny particle that moves around the outside a nucleus.

• The transfer of energy (heat) arising from temperature differences between one particle of matter to another.

• A system in which no matter is allowed to enter or leave.

• The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a fluid

Answer explanation

If you place a cold and warm object together, heat will pass from the warm object to the cold object through conduction. Conduction will continue until both objects achieve the same temperature.

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What is the definition of Convection?

• The process by which heat is transferred by movement of a heated fluid such as air or water.

• A concave mirror with a surface that curves inward.

• The transfer of thermal energy from one particle to another.

• The rate at which velocity changes.

Answer explanation

Convection is part of the reason that wind makes you cold – heat flows away from your body more rapidly in a wind. You don't “get” cold from the wind, you just lose heat.

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What is the definition of Electromagnetic Radiation?

• When energy is transferred through space by electromagnetic waves.

• The force between charged objects.

• A device that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy.

• The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a fluid.

Answer explanation

Electromagnetic waves carry energy.

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What is the definition of Thermal Equilibrium?

• When two things are at the same temperature

• The ability to do work or cause change.

• The transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object.

• The force that two objects exert on each other when they rub against each other.

Answer explanation

For example, if a carton of milk from the refrigerator is set on the kitchen countertop, the two objects are in thermal contact. After several hours, their temperatures are the same, and they are then in thermal equilibrium.

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What is the definition of transfer?

• The movement of energy from one location to another.

• When radiation is at the highest level.

• When energy changes from one type to another.

• The expansion of matter when it is heated.

Answer explanation

While energy can be transferred or transformed, the total energy always remains the same.

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What is the definition of transformation?

• The change of state from a liquid to a gas.

• When energy changes from one type to another.

• Speed in a given direction.

• The movement of energy from one location to another.

Answer explanation

While energy can be transferred or transformed, the total energy always remains the same.

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What is the definition of heat?

• The ability to work through cause and change.

• A reaction that releases energy, usually in the form of heat.

• A shape of matter with no definite shape or volume.

• The transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object.

Answer explanation

Heat travels in three ways: by conduction, by convection, and by radiation.

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What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?

• The rule that energy cannot be created or destroyed.

• The attraction between two ions.

• A principle that describes the relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at a constant temperature.

• A reaction that absorbs energy.

Answer explanation

• 1. The chemical energy in food is transformed and used by our body to move and sustain daily life.

• 2. Radiant energy comes from the sun and is transformed by plants and trees into chemical energy to be used to sustain life and encourage growth.

• 3. The gasoline we put in our car is chemical energy that is transformed into thermal energy and then mechanical energy in our engine, causing the car to move on the road.

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A windmill is an example of the application of kinetic energy. When the wind (air in motion) hits the blades, it causes rotation. This rotation leads to the generation of electricity. What is happening in this example?

• The kinetic energy is converted into electromagnetic waves.

• The kinetic energy is converted into mechanical energy.

• The kinetic energy is converted into equilibrium.

• The kinetic energy is converted into chemical energy.

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Which is an example/are examples of convection?

• Moving air with a fan

• Ice Melting

• Circulating water with a pump

• None

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