A.2 Chemistry of Life

All living organisms contain carbon atoms. Which of the following is an important characteristic of carbon?

• Carbon atoms are highly reactive and form unstable bonds with any available atom.
• Carbon atoms can bond with any other atom, but they cannot form bonds with other carbon atoms.
• Carbon atoms are very stable and do not easily form bonds with other atoms
• Carbon atoms can bond with many other kinds of atoms to form very stable molecules

Identify the types of bonds that would be shown in the formation of a water molecule (A) and the attractive force between two different water molecules (B).

• A – ionic bond; B – covalent bond

• A – covalent bond; B – ionic bond
• A – covalent bond; B – hydrogen bond
• A – hydrogen bond; B – covalent

How does the structure of this enzyme help with its function?

• since the enzyme's shape matches the substrate's shape, it catalyzes only reverse reactions
• the enzyme's shape complements the substrate's shape, so it only catalyzes specific reactions
• the enzyme's active site is amorphous and can change its shape to fit any substrate
• since the enzyme is larger than the substrate, catalytic reactions can occur within the enzyme itself

Match the IMAGE to the correct term(s) provided. Mark all that apply.

• Protein monomer
• Amino Acid
• Lipid
• Carbohydrate monomer
• Nucleic Acid monomer

Match the IMAGE to the correct term(s) provided. Mark all that apply.

• Carbohydrate monomer
• Glucose
• Lipid
• Protein monomer
• Nucleic Acid monomer

Match the IMAGE to the correct term(s) provided. Mark all that apply.

• Lipid
• Phospholipid
• Fatty Acid
• Carbohydrate monomer
• Protein monomer

Match the IMAGE to the correct term(s) provided. Mark all that apply.

• Nucleic Acid monomer
• Nucleotide
• Lipid
• Carbohydrate monomer
• Protein monomer

Which type of macromolecule is the main source of DAILY ENERGY for organisms?

• Lipid
• Carbohydrate
• Protein
• Nucleic Acids

Which type of macromolecule's functions include STRUCTURE, IMMUNITY, TRANSPORT, and ENZYMES?

• Lipid
• Carbohydrate
• Protein
• Nucleic Acids

Which type of macromolecule forms the primary structure of the CELL MEMBRANE, provides INSULATION and CUSHIONING, and acts as an ENERGY RESERVE?

• Lipid
• Carbohydrate
• Protein
• Nucleic Acids