Classical and Operant Conditioning Quiz

Which of the following best defines classical conditioning?

• Learning through consequences

• Learning by association

• Learning through trial and error

• Learning through imitation

Dishabituation occurs when:

• There's a decrease in the response to a familiar stimulus

• A conditioned response reemerges after extinction

• A previously habituated response reappears after a change in stimulation

• There's a transfer of a learned response to a new stimulus

 Vicarious learning occurs when:

 

•   a) Individuals learn through their own trial and error

•    b) Learning occurs by observing the consequences of others' actions

•    c) Reinforcement is directly experienced by the individual

•    d) Punishment is inflicted through a social group

Sensitization involves:

• Decreasing responsiveness to a stimulus over time

• Increasing responsiveness to a stimulus over time

• Forming an association between two unrelated stimuli

• Discriminating between similar stimuli

In Pavlov's dog experiment, the unconditioned stimulus (US) was:

• The bell

• Food

• Salivation

• The experimental chamber

Match the following

• positive reinforcement

•  taking painkillers to alleviate a headache

• negative reinforcement

•  giving a child a sticker for completing homework
• negative punishment

• getting your phone taken away for getting into a fight

• positive punishment

• fines for speeding to discourage reckless driving

During the acquisition phase in classical conditioning:

• The conditioned response decreases in frequency

• The unconditioned response becomes weaker

• The conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented with the unconditioned stimulus

• The conditioned stimulus loses its association with the unconditioned stimulus

Higher-order conditioning involves:

• Pairing a neutral stimulus with a conditioned stimulus to produce a conditioned response

• Weakening a conditioned response by presenting the conditioned stimulus alone

• Using a conditioned stimulus to reinforce a new response

• Pairing a neutral stimulus with a conditioned stimulus to create a new conditioned stimulus

____________________ refers to reinforcing behavior by rewarding increasingly closer approximations of the desired behavior

 Learned helplessness is a phenomenon where individuals:

•  Show increased motivation after experiencing punishment

•  Learn to cope with challenges through positive reinforcement

• Exhibit passivity and resignation after repeated failures and perceived lack of control

•  Rapidly learn new behaviors by observing others