Biology Quiz: Cancer Terms

What is metastasis?

• The sequence of events that takes place as a cell grows and divides

• Changes or errors in the DNA sequence of a cell

• A process that gets rid of old, unnecessary or damaged cells

• The spread of cancer from its original site to other parts of the body

Answer explanation

Metastasis is the spread of cancer from its original site to other parts of the body.

What are oncogenes?

• A process that gets rid of old, unnecessary or damaged cells

• Normal genes that regulate cell growth and division

• The sequence of events that takes place as a cell grows and divides

• Genes that have the potential to cause cancer

Answer explanation

Oncogenes are genes that have the potential to cause cancer.

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What are tumor suppressor genes?

• Genes that have the potential to cause cancer

• Normal genes that regulate cell growth and division

• Genes that slow down cell division and repair DNA mistakes

• A process that gets rid of old, unnecessary or damaged cells

Answer explanation

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that slow down cell division and repair DNA mistakes, preventing cancer.

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What is the role of DNA repair in preventing cancer?

• It helps in the spread of cancer from its original site to other parts of the body

• It corrects errors in the DNA sequence, preventing mutations that can lead to cancer

• It promotes cell growth and division

• It has no role in preventing cancer

Answer explanation

DNA repair plays a crucial role in preventing cancer by correcting errors in the DNA sequence, preventing mutations that can lead to cancer.

What is the process of programmed cell death called?

• Metastasis

• Apoptosis

• Oncogenesis

• Cell cycle

Answer explanation

The process of programmed cell death is called apoptosis. It is a natural process that eliminates unnecessary or damaged cells in the body.

What is the role of proto-oncogenes in cancer development?

• They promote the spread of cancer from its original site to other parts of the body

• They correct errors in the DNA sequence, preventing mutations that can lead to cancer

• They are normal genes that when mutated, have the potential to cause cancer

• They slow down cell division and repair DNA mistakes

What is the significance of the cell cycle in relation to cancer?

• Disruption in the cell cycle can lead to uncontrolled cell growth, a hallmark of cancer

• The cell cycle has no relation to cancer

• The cell cycle promotes the spread of cancer from its original site to other parts of the body

• The cell cycle slows down cell division and repairs DNA mistakes

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What is the role of apoptosis in cancer prevention?

• It promotes the spread of cancer from its original site to other parts of the body

• It corrects errors in the DNA sequence, preventing mutations that can lead to cancer

• It has no role in cancer prevention

• It is a process that gets rid of old, unnecessary or damaged cells, preventing the accumulation of mutations

Categorize the difference between normal and cancer cells

Groups:

(a) Normal Cells

,

(b) Cancer Cell

• Multiple nuclei

• Requires specific signals to trigger growth

• Organized and limited number of divisions

• 1 Nucleus

• Uniform Size and shape

• Does not require specific signals to trigger growth

• Does not adhere to neighboring cells

• Adheres to neighboring cells

• Does not undergo apoptosis when damaged

• Apoptosis when damaged

• Uncontrolled and rapid divisions

• Variable size and shape

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If you were inspecting tissue taken from a tumor biopsy, what characteristics would you look for that would indicate the presence of cancer cells? Describe three distinct morphological differences you would expect to see between healthy cells and cancer cells

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