Quiz about Biology Review 23

Question 1

Materials are provided to students to build models of prokaryotic cell, a eukaryotic cell, and a virus. The materials and the structures they represent are listed in the table above.

Which material will students use in all three models.

Accepted Answer

Blue yarn

Answer

Yellow paper oval

Answer

Gray paper hexagon

Answer

Purple buttons

Question 2

The diagram shows a process that occurs during the development of an organism.

Which statement explains how the different cell types in the image are formed?

Accepted Answer

Each cell type expresses different genes at different times.

Answer

Each cell type uses its own unique replication process.

Answer

Each cell type contains a different part of the original DNA.

Answer

Each cell type has different enzymes to replicate genetic material.

Question 3

A diagram of a process that occurins during one of the stages of the cell cycle is shown.

Which answer choice identifies the process illustrated and the stage of the cell cycle in which it occurs?

Accepted Answer

Question 4

The base sequence of a segment of DNA is shown.

Which base sequence correctly completes DNA strand 2?

Accepted Answer

C G C A T G

Answer

ATACGT

Answer

G C G T A C

Answer

T A T C G A

Question 5

A model of transcription and a codon chart are shown.

Which amino acid would be coded first from the DNA strand being transcribed.

Accepted Answer

Met

Answer

Cys

Answer

Phe

Answer

Ile

Question 6

A model of an enzyme and its corresponding substrate is shown.

Which model best represents the molecules at the end of the reaction?

Accepted Answer

Question 7

A student makes a venn diagram to compare the functions of carbohydrates.& lipids.

Which cellular function of carbohydrate and lipids should be placed in the shared section of the venn diagram?

Accepted Answer

energy storage

Answer

hormone production

Answer

structure support of cell walls

Answer

Catalyst for chemical reactions

Question 8

Diatoms are one of the most common types of phytoplankton in marine habitats. Like plants, diatoms contain chlorophyll and produce glucose from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

CO2 & H2O

Answer

O2 & ATP

Answer

CO2 & O2

Answer

ATP & H20

Question 9

Lactose is found in milk products. It is converted by the body into usable form in a series of chemical reactions. The diagram shows the series of reactions that convert lactose into usable form.

If Enzyme 2 is denatured, the levels of which substance with increase?

Accepted Answer

Galactose

Answer

Lactose

Answer

Galactose-1 phosphate

Answer

Glucose-6 phosphate

Question 10

This diagram shows cellular activity across a cell membrane.

Which two processes does this diagram most directly model?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis and transport of molecules

Answer

Energy conversions and synthesis of new molecules

Answer

Synthesis of new molecules and homeostasis

Answer

Transport of molecules and energy conversions

Question 11

In Texas Longhorn cattle, coat coloration is an inherited trait. What is the genetic basis of coat- color variation in Texas longhorn cattle?

Accepted Answer

Differences in nucleotide sequences of genes

Answer

Differences in the number of chromosomes in the cells.

Question 12

An illustration of how a particular DNA mutation will most likely affect the polypeptide produced is shown.

What type of mutation is illustrated?

Accepted Answer

Substitution

Answer

Insertion

Answer

Translocation

Answer

Deletion

Question 13

When a new mutation occurs in a somatic cell of a sexually reproducing organism, what percentage of the individual's offspring are likely to inherit the mutation?

Accepted Answer

0%

Answer

100%

Answer

75%

Answer

25%

Question 14

Which of these is the direct result of an error in the transcription of a DNA nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A codon sequence is incorrect.

Answer

The nuclear membrane is ruptured

Answer

Amino acids do not bond to tRNA.

Answer

Transportation of mRNA does not occur.

Question 15

The table shows a DNA sequence and three types of mutations that can change the DNA sequence.

Which mutation will cause translation to stop ?

Accepted Answer

Mutation 1 only

Answer

mutations 1 & 3 only

Answer

Mutation 2 only

Answer

Mutations 1, 2, and 3

Question 16

Some students used vinegar to dissolve away the shells of three eggs and used these eggs as models of human red blood cells. The students observed the changes in the eggs when they were place in the different solutions.

Which statment best describes the role of the cell membrane in this model?

Accepted Answer

the cell membrane allows water to enter and leave the cell

Answer

the cell membrane is an impermeable barrier that prevents water from entering the cell

Answer

the cell membrane allows solute to enter the cell, which causes the cell to shrink.

Answer

The cell membrane removes solutes from the environment.

Question 17

_______ is to the ability of the body or a cell to seek and maintain a condition of equilibrium or stability within its internal environment when dealing with external changes.

Accepted Answer

homeostasis

Answer

cell theory

Answer

evolution

Answer

growth

Question 18

A lack of availability of which substance would limit the rate of photosynthesis in aquatic plants in an aquatic environment? (4.2.1)

Accepted Answer

carbon dioxide

Answer

water

Answer

oxygen

Answer

simple sugars

Question 19

This is an mRNA codon chart. An organism has the DNA sequence TAC TGC CCA ATA. Why is it possible for a different organism with the DNA sequence TAC TGT CCG ATG to produce the same protein? (4.1.2)

Accepted Answer

because more than one codon codes for the same amino acid sequence

Answer

because the DNA sequence for both organisms is the same length

Answer

because the first base in each codon determines the amino acid sequence

Answer

because the mRNA sequence for both organisms contains the same bases

Question 20

What type of solution is the cell in?

Accepted Answer

Hypotonic

Answer

Hypertonic

Answer

Isotonic

Question 21

The incomplete diagram shows a parent cell undergoing meiosis.

Which combination of alleles will be present in normal daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Option C is correct

Answer

A.

Answer

B.

Answer

D.

Question 22

What is one way that a lysogenic infection differs from a lytic infection?

Accepted Answer

A lysogenic virus can remain in the host DNA for a longer period without becoming active.

Answer

A lysogenic virus does not act on bacteria as a lytic virus does.

Answer

A lysogenic virus contains RNA instead of DNA.

Answer

A lysogenic virus directs the production of new viruses right away.

Question 23

This diagram shows the cell cycle.

Which of the following activities occur in the S phase?

Accepted Answer

Replication of the DNA

Answer

Growth of the cell

Answer

Formation of the mitotic spindle

Answer

Breakdown of the nuclear membrane

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