Scientific evidence and how it changes over time

Finding __________ for a scientific idea means pointing out the facts or info that support it. For instance, if we're talking about climate change, this could be noticing things like rising temperatures, changes in sea levels, or extreme weather events. It's about picking out specific details that back up the theory.

• evidence

• opinions

• perspectives

• peer review journals

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-1

NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

Recognising different scientific evidence types is about understanding the different forms that scientific information can take. Scientific evidence must be __________, but can include things we can observe, measure or count.

• objective

• subjective

• qualitative

• quantitative

In New Zealand, we know that we have a problem with invasive mammalian species. What evidence have we used to understand this problem?

• Trapping data: Scientists set up traps in targeted areas and collect data on the captured animals.

• Camera Trap Imagery: Camera traps are set up to capture videos of wildlife. Their motion sensors and are triggered when an animal passes by.

• DNA: used to study invasive mammalian species by examining genetic material collected from the environment.

• All of the above

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

Our understanding of climate change has changed a lot over time. At first, we noticed temperature changes and heard stories about unusual weather. In the mid-1900s, new technologies helped us __________ temperatures more accurately, and we discovered they were going up.

• measure

• feel

• determine

• sense

Which of the following investigation methods would provide the best evidence for this hypothesis?
HYPOTHESIS: There are a greater number of species of red seaweed than what is currently known in New Zealand.

• A sample of all red seaweed was collected in a 1 hectare block in the Hauraki Gulf. All samples were analysed using DNA sequencing.

• Divers swam along one 5km transect, doing visual identifications of all red seaweed encountered.

• DNA sequencing is completed for samples of red seaweed that was collected from 100 sites along the entire coast of New Zealand.

Which of the following investigation methods would provide the best evidence for this hypothesis?
HYPOTHESIS: Coral bleaching events change the local ecosystem.

• A biodiversity survey was conducted once a month for twelve months after a coral bleaching event.

• Biodiversity surveys using identical techniques were conducted before and after mass bleaching events for comparison.

• A section of coral reef was deliberately exposed to warm temperatures and increased ocean acidity. Observations were made of the changing ecosystem in response to exposure.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

Which of the following provides the STRONGEST scientific evidence?

• anecdotes and personal experience

• randomised control studies

• systematic reviews of all peer reviewed published scientific articles

• animal and cell studies

Which of the following provides the WEAKEST scientific evidence?

• anecdotes and personal experience

• randomised control studies

• systematic reviews of all peer reviewed published scientific articles

• animal and cell studies

To understand air pollution, scientist examine how different levels of air pollution correlate with people's health issues. This involves analysing data from large groups, revealing connections between air quality and __________ or __________ problems.

• respiratory

  heart

• expense

  income

• personal freedom

  regulatory

• none of the above

To understand climate change, researchers use computer models to analyse data on __________, sea levels, and _________ levels. These models show causation and correlation with extreme weather events such as floods.

• temperature

  greenhouse gas

• personal experience

  animal controls

• tides

  fog

• none of the above

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-2

NGSS.HS-ESS2-4

NGSS.HS-ESS3-5