Transcription Quiz

What is the RNA World Hypothesis?

• DNA was the first genetic material

• RNA was the first genetic material

• Proteins were the first genetic material

• Carbohydrates were the first genetic material

What problem does the RNA World Hypothesis solve?

• The origin of life

• The origin of eukaryotic cells

• The origin of multicellular organisms

• The origin of prokaryotic cells

Which type of RNA contains the code for making polypeptide chains?

• Messenger RNA (mRNA)

• Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

• Transfer RNA (tRNA)

• MicroRNAs (miRNAs)

What is the function of microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs)?

• Carry out RNA interference in cells

• Carry out RNA transcription

• Carry out DNA replication

• Carry out protein synthesis

What is the main difference between DNA and RNA synthesis?

• DNA synthesis occurs in the 5' to 3' direction, while RNA synthesis occurs in the 3' to 5' direction

• DNA synthesis requires a primer, while RNA synthesis does not

• DNA synthesis does not require a primer, while RNA synthesis does

• DNA synthesis occurs in the 3' to 5' direction, while RNA synthesis occurs in the 5' to 3' direction

Who first observed transcription using TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy)?

• Rho protein

• Miller, Hamkalo and Thomas

• RNA Polymerase

• Thomas Cech

What is the function of the sigma (s) factor in prokaryotic RNA Polymerase?

• It releases the RNA Polymerase from the promoter

• It catalyzes the formation of RNA

• It binds to the promoter and helps with stability

• It unwinds the DNA double helix

What are the four steps of initiation of transcription in prokaryotes?

• Promoter recognition, formation of the transcription bubble, creation of the first bonds between rNTPs, escape of the transcription apparatus from the terminator

• Promoter recognition, formation of the transcription bubble, creation of the first bonds between dNTPs, escape of the transcription apparatus from the promoter

• Promoter recognition, formation of the translation bubble, creation of the first bonds between rNTPs, escape of the translation apparatus from the promoter

• Promoter recognition, formation of the transcription bubble, creation of the first bonds between rNTPs, escape of the transcription apparatus from the promoter

What is the function of Rho protein in prokaryotic transcription termination?

• It binds to the DNA and causes release of RNA and core RNA Polymerase

• It causes stalling of RNA Polymerase and release of RNA

• It binds to the mRNA and signals cleavage

• It unwinds the RNA-DNA duplex with helicase activity

What is the function of the poly A 'tail' in eukaryotic transcription termination?

• It causes stalling of RNA Polymerase and release of RNA

• It binds to the DNA and causes release of RNA and core RNA Polymerase

• It signals cleavage of the mRNA

• It unwinds the RNA-DNA duplex with helicase activity