Yr 10 Earth Science Revision

Sophia, Evelyn, and Elijah are on a field trip to a natural history museum. They come across an exhibit about the Earth's crust and atmosphere. The guide explains that there is a type of energy emitted by naturally occurring radioactive materials in these areas. What is this energy called?

• It's called terrestrial radiation.

• It's radiation from outer space.

• It's radiation from electronic devices.

• It's radiation from underwater sources.

What is sun radiation?

• Sun radiation is the sound waves produced by the sun

• Sun radiation refers to the energy emitted by the sun in the form of electromagnetic waves, including visible light, ultraviolet light, and infrared radiation.

• Sun radiation is the result of the sun's heat melting the ice caps

• Sun radiation is the magnetic field emitted by the sun

Avery, Maya, and Aria are observing stars at night. They notice that some stars appear more red than others. What could be causing this red shift in stars?

• The red shift in stars is caused by the Doppler effect, which occurs when a star is moving away from the observer, causing its light waves to stretch and shift towards the red end of the spectrum.

• The red shift in stars is caused by the temperature of the star

• The red shift in stars is caused by the rotation of the Earth

• The red shift in stars is caused by the gravitational pull of nearby planets

What causes blue shift in stars?

• Blue shift in stars is caused by the star moving away from the observer

• Blue shift in stars is caused by the gravitational pull of nearby planets

• Blue shift in stars is caused by the star emitting more blue light than other colors

• Blue shift in stars is caused by the Doppler effect, where the light waves are compressed as the star moves towards the observer.

Aria, Hannah, and Liam are studying astronomy and they come across the term 'main sequence stars'. They are curious to know what it means. Can you explain what main sequence stars are?

• Main sequence stars are stars that are in the longest and most stable phase of their lives, where they fuse hydrogen into helium in their cores.

• Main sequence stars are stars that are about to die and explode

• Main sequence stars are stars that do not undergo nuclear fusion

• Main sequence stars are stars that are the smallest in size

How long do main sequence stars typically live?

• Main sequence stars typically live for about 10 billion years.

• Main sequence stars typically live for about 1 million years.

• Main sequence stars typically live for about 100 years.

• Main sequence stars typically live for about 1,000 years.

What is the life span of a typical spiral galaxy?

• The life span of a typical spiral galaxy is about 5 billion years.

• The life span of a typical spiral galaxy is about 1 trillion years.

• The life span of a typical spiral galaxy is about 10 billion years.

• The life span of a typical spiral galaxy is about 100 million years.

What is the life span of a typical elliptical galaxy?

• Elliptical galaxies only last for a few thousand years

• The life span of a typical elliptical galaxy is only a few million years

• Elliptical galaxies can exist indefinitely without a life span

• Elliptical galaxies can have a life span of billions to trillions of years.

Oliver, Emma, and Noah are learning about the universe. They come across the term 'nebula'. Can you explain what a nebula is?

• A nebula is a giant cloud of dust and gas in space. Some nebulae are regions where new stars are being born, while others are the remains of dead or dying stars.

• A nebula is a type of star that is about to explode

• A nebula is a galaxy that is in the process of forming

• A nebula is a black hole

What is the life span of a typical dwarf galaxy?

• The life span of a typical dwarf galaxy is about 1 billion years.

• The life span of a typical dwarf galaxy is about 10 billion years.

• The life span of a typical dwarf galaxy is about 100 million years.

• Dwarf galaxies can exist indefinitely without a life span.