Septic Arthritis

There are two types of arthritis, namely septic arthritis and reactive arthritis. Which of the followings best describes reactive arthritis? 

• Staphylococcus aureus is a common causal organism.

• The causal organisms reach the joints via blood circulation.

• It is commonly linked with the specific genetic marker, HLA B27

• Aspirated synovial fluid is the specimen of choice in its laboratory diagnosis.

The most common causal organism of septic arthritis in adults is:

• Streptococcus pyogenes

• Staphylococcus aureus

• Streptococcus pneumoniae

• Haemophilus influenzae

What are the most common signs and symptoms of septic arthritis

• Pain and swelling in the affected joint

• Redness and warmth in the affected joint

• Limited range of motion in the affected joint

• All of the above

A 58-year-old lady is admitted to the acute medical unit with a painful knee. It is hot and swollen. Her observations on admission include oxygen saturations of 96%, blood pressure 99/68mmHg, temperature 38.1 degrees and heart rate 101bpm. On examination there is reduced movement on flexion and extension of the joint due to pain. She looks flushed and is concerned because she has rheumatoid arthritis and is worried this is another flare. What is the most likely cause for the above presentation?

• Septic arthritis

• Gout

• Osteoarthritis

• Rheumatoid arthritis flare

Regarding septic arthritis: which of the following satements if FALSE?

• The route of transmission is haematogenous.

• Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most common causative organism.

• Osteoarthritis is a risk factor.

• It is diagnosed by culture of synovial fluid.

• Delayed treatment leads to permanent destruction of the joint