Master the Concepts - Earth Science 8.ESS.2

Which two landforms are caused by convergent plate boundaries?

• A ridge and a rift valley
• A trench and a mid-ocean ridge
• A rift valley and an ocean trench
• An ocean trench and a mountain range

What process is forming high nonvolcanic mountains at location 1 on the map?

• One tectonic plate is splitting apart into two plates.
• Two tectonic plates are colliding and pushing together.
• One tectonic plate is sliding past another tectonic plate.
• Two tectonic plates are colliding and one is sliding under the other.

A line of volcanoes occurs along the western coast of South America, near location 4. Based on the information about plate movement on the map, which process explains the formation of these volcanoes?

• subducting of one plate under the other causing melting of the lower plate
• sliding of one plate sideways past another resulting in friction and melting
• melting of crust because of plate movement over a “hot spot”
• rifting of a plate with lava filling in the resulting valley

Which plate boundary feature is associated with the compressive forces shown in Figure 2?

• continental rift valley where one plate is splitting apart
• midocean ridge where two plates are moving away from each other
• high folded mountains where two plates are pushing toward each other
• strike-slip faulting where two plates are sliding sideways past each other

Which process produced the pattern of layers shown in Figure 1?

• folding
• faulting
• spreading
• weathering

The movement shown in the map indicates that Africa’s continental crust is splitting apart in the East African Rift. As a result of this divergence, what can you predict will happen in the East African Rift region in about five million years?

• Subduction will result in more volcanic activity.
• The land will become flat as the crust continues to thicken.
• The rift-basin valleys will be pushed up into a mountain range.
• The sea will flood the lowlands when the rift reaches the ocean.

The diagrams show two rock units being affected in different ways by tectonic stress. The arrows in each diagram represent the general direction of the stress. Which diagram shows rocks responding to tectonic stress in a way that could lead to the formation of new crust?

• 
• 
• 
• 

The map shows the boundaries of tectonic plates in the South Pacific. Several cities on the map are labeled. A company wants to build skyscrapers in all of these cities. Select the three (3) cities where earthquake-resistant technology would be most important in building these skyscrapers.

• Osaka
• Shilong
• Wellington
• Perth
• Shanghai

The Hawaiian Islands were formed over a “hot spot” as shown in the diagram. Which island formed first?

• Hawaii
• Kahoolawe
• Kauai
• Maui

Select the three pieces of evidence from the diagram that support your choice for the first island formed.

• Distance from the hot spot
• Direction of plate movement
• Latitude and longitude of the island and the hot spot
• Depth of the hot spot
• Size and shape of the island