AP Biology (4.4 - 4.6)

Which of the following is most likely to have the greatest concentration of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

• a cell that secretes enzymes

• a cell that destroys pathogens

• a cell that makes carbohydrates

• a cell that engages in photosynthesis

If protein synthesis on the ribosome is interrupted, what is the next step that cannot occur?

• modification in the Golgi apparatus

• distribution in the endoplasmic reticulum

• modification in the endoplasmic reticulum

• distribution via the Golgi apparatus

Which of the following produces the energy needed for protein synthesis in the endomembrane system?

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Golgi apparatus

• Lysosomes

• Mitochondria

The nuclear membrane is NOT a part of the endomembrane system.

• True

• False

What happens to the proteins that are synthesized on free ribosomes in the cytoplasm? Do they go through the Golgi apparatus?

• These proteins move through the Golgi apparatus and enter the nucleus.

• These proteins go through the Golgi apparatus and remain in the cytosol.

• The proteins do not go through the Golgi apparatus and move into the nucleus for processing.

• The proteins do not go through the Golgi apparatus and remain free in the cytosol.

You follow the appearance of radioactive proteins in the cell compartments. In which organelles and in what order will the proteins appear?

• endoplasmic reticulum - lysosomes - Golgi body - vesicle - extracellular region

• endoplasmic reticulum - vesicles - Golgi body - vesicles - extracellular region

• Golgi Body - vesicles - endoplasmic reticulum - vesicles - extracellular region

• nucleus - endoplasmic reticulum - Golgi body - vesicle - extracellular region

If a peripheral membrane protein were synthesized inside the lumen of the ER, would it end up on the inside or outside of the plasma membrane?

• The vesicle travels from the endoplasmic reticulum to get embedded in plasma membrane.

• The vesicle travels from the Golgi to the plasma membrane to release the protein outside.

• The vesicle travels from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane, and returns to the Golgi apparatus to get modified.

• The vesicle moves from the endoplasmic reticulum into the cytoplasmic area, remaining there.

All eukaryotic cells contain at least one Golgi complex, typically located in the cytoplasm and near the endoplasmic reticulum. Which of the following best describes a process that occurs within the Golgi complex?

• Enzymatic modification of newly synthesized integral membrane proteins

• Synthesis of cytosolic proteins based on the nucleotide sequences of mRNAs

• Degradation of proteins by hydrolytic enzymes within the complex.

• Synthesis of various types of lipids

Which of the following functional differences between the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum is explained by the structural differences between them?

• Rough ER breaks down toxic substances, and smooth ER

  only transports them out of the cell.

• Rough ER can synthesize and package lipids for export, and smooth ER cannont.

• Rough ER can produce ATP, and smooth ER cannot

• Rough ER can synthesize and package proteins for export, and smooth ER cannot

What is the path that a protein important in cellular respiration would travel from production to its final destination?

• Ribosome --> RER --> Golgi --> Plasma membrane

• Ribosome --> RER --> SER --> Golgi --> Plasma membrane

• Ribosome --> RER --> Golgi --> Mitochondria

• Ribosome --> RER --> Golgi --> Chloroplast