ROCKS 4ºESO BR

Shale is a rock that forms when clay and silt particles are compacted and cemented. It is composed of many thin, parallel layers. What type of rock is it?

• Igneous plutonic.

• Igneous volcanic.

• Sedimentary.

• Metamorphic foliated.

How do igneous rocks form?

• Through the compaction and cementation of sediment.

• Through the weathering and erosion of existing rocks.

• Through the cooling and hardening of magma or lava.

Which statement correctly describes the difference between magma and lava?

• Magma exists in the solid state, while lava exists in the molten or liquid state.

• Magma is located in Earth’s interior, while lava is located on Earth’s surface.

• Magma is composed of inorganic matter, while lava is composed of organic matter.

During the rock cycle, sediment is transported by natural forces from one place to another.

Which process does this best describe?

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition

Pumice is a highly porous volcanic rock. It forms when lava containing a large amount of dissolved gas is ejected from a volcano. As the lava cools and hardens, the gas escapes, forming bubbles that are preserved in the solid rock. What type of rock is it?

• Igneous plutonic

• Igneous volcanic

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

How do metamorphic rocks form?

• Through the cooling and solidification of lava or magma.

• Through the compaction and cementation of sediment.

• Through the heating and squeezing of existing rocks.

During the rock cycle, sediment is created when wind or water breaks down existing rocks. Which process does this best describe?

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Deposition

• Transportation

Quartzite is a hard rock that has been used since prehistoric times to make stone tools. It forms when sandstone is exposed to intense heat and pressure. What type of rock is it?

• Igneous plutonic.

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic foliated

• Metamorphic non foliated

How do sedimentary rocks form?

• Through the solidification of lava

• Through the solidification of magma

• Through the lithification of small pieces of rocks and shells.

• Through the alteration of existing rocks by heat and pressure.

During the rock cycle, sediment carried by wind or water is dropped in a new location.

Which process does this best describe?

• Weathering.

• Erosion.

• Deposition.

• Transportation.