Evolution Quiz Review

Which statement correctly identifies these structures?

• These are homologous structures that show how organisms developed from a common ancestor because they are similar in shape but have different functions.

• These are analogous structures that show how organisms developed from a common ancestor because they are similar in shape but have different functions.

• These are homologous structures because they are similar in function but show how the organisms came from different ancestors.

• These are vestigial structures because they are no longer used by the organism or have decreased in importance.

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What type of selection chooses both extreme traits and decreases the selection of the intermediate trait?

• Disruptive

• Directional

• Stabilizing

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Which of the following scenarios best describes the evolutionary concept of artificial selection?

• A 2-year long drought causes most of the vegetation on an island to die. Only cactus-like plants survived and reproduced, passing on their traits.

• A volcanic eruption covers the ground with dark gray ashes. More dark-colored mice survive than light-colored mice because they are more difficult for predators to see.

• A dog breeder selects desirable traits for each breed of dog to best suit pet owners' preferences. The Chihuahuas she breeds look nothing like German Shepherds.

• A scientist conducts experiments with a lab rat. Over time, the lab rat learns how to complete a maze more quickly with every trial.

After a change to the environment, natural selection favored dark colored moths over light colored moths. What type of selection is this?

• Stabilizing selection

• Disruptive selection

• Directional selection

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Mutations and natural selection are both processes that happen randomly.

• True

• False

Which scientist explained evolution through the process of natural selection?

• Lamarck

• Darwin

• Hutton

• Malthus

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A trait that helps an organism survive and function the best in its environment.

• Adaptations

• Acquired traits

• Inherited traits

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In humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur would be considered

• Acquired traits

• Homologous structures

• Examples of fossils

• Vestigial structures

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What does it mean to be "fit" for the environment?

• Have the traits to survive and reproduce

• Have the ability to mutate

• Have the strongest and fastest phenotype

• Have the ability to find food

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How are bacteria able to become resistant to antibiotics?

• genetic drift

• mutations

• variations

• competition

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