04.2 - Photosynthesis (An Overview) [25pts.]

During photosynthesis, cells capture the energy of sunlight using ​ (a)   , which is a type of ​ (b)   . Photosynthesis also relies on a compound called ​ (c)   , which is an electron ​ (d)   that accepts and transfers high-energy electrons.

• chlorophyll

• pigment

• NADP+

• carrier

• Stroma

• Thylakoid

Answer explanation

During photosynthesis, cells capture sunlight energy using chlorophyll, a type of pigment. NADP+ is a compound that acts as an electron carrier, accepting and transferring high-energy electrons.

Tags

HS-LS1-A-3

HS-LS1-C-1

HS-LS1-C-3

During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and ​ (a)   are converted through a series of reactions into two products: high-energy ​ (b)   and ​ (c)   .

• water
• sugars
• oxygen
• methane
• hydrocarbons
• sunlight

Tags

HS-LS1-C-1

HS-LS1-C-3

Sandra wants to modify the diagram to include chlorophyll.

Which would be the most useful strategy?

• Add representations of chlorophyll molecules inside the stroma

• Add representations of chlorophyll molecules on the outer membrane.

• Group two or more grana together, and label them as chlorophyll.

• Add an enlarged illustration of a thylakoid, and represent chlorophyll molecules in the thylakoid membrane.

Answer explanation

Adding an enlarged illustration of a thylakoid and representing chlorophyll molecules in the thylakoid membrane is the most useful strategy to include chlorophyll in the diagram.

Tags

HS-LS2-B-2

Jose is using the diagram shown below to develop a model of photosynthesis. The letters A, B, and C each represent a reactant or product of the process.

Should water (H₂O) be included in the model as a reactant or product?

If so, how should it be included?

• Yes, as reactant A.

• Yes, as product B.

• Yes, as reactant C.

• No, it should not be included.

Answer explanation

Water (H2O) should be included in the model as reactant A because it is one of the reactants in the process of photosynthesis.

Tags

HS-LS2-B-3

HS-LS2-B-1

HS-LS1-C-3

HS-LS1-C-1

Jose is using the diagram shown below to develop a model of photosynthesis. The letters A, B, and C each represent a reactant or product of the process.

What is the role of Component C?

• a reactant that provides the energy for assembling sugars

• a reactant that provides the carbon and hydrogen for sugars

• a reactant that provides the carbon and oxygen for sugars

• a product that forms along with sugars

Answer explanation

Component C is a reactant that provides the carbon and oxygen for sugars, making it an essential part of the photosynthesis process.

Tags

HS-LS2-B-3

HS-LS2-B-1

HS-LS1-C-1

Jose is using the diagram shown below to develop a model of photosynthesis. The letters A, B, and C each represent a reactant or product of the process.

Jose wonders whether NADPH and ATP should be classified as reactants or as products of photosynthesis. How should these compounds be classified?

• as reactants, because they are used up by photosynthesis

• a reactant that provides the carbon and hydrogen for sugars

• as either reactants or products, depending on the rate that photosynthesis occurs

• as neither reactant nor product, because they are recycled instead of made or used up

Answer explanation

NADPH and ATP should be classified as neither reactant nor product because they are recycled instead of made or used up.

Tags

HS-LS2-B-3

HS-LS1-C-1

What best describes the relationship between the two sets of reactions of photosynthesis, which are the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions?

• Each set produces sugars, and by working together they produce more sugars than they would produce separately.

• Each set produces half of a sugar molecule, and later the two halves are joined together.

• Only the light-dependent reactions produce sugars, but they depend on products of the light-independent reactions.

• Only the light-independent reactions produce sugars, but they depend on products of the light-dependent reactions.

Answer explanation

The correct choice is that only the light-independent reactions produce sugars, but they depend on products of the light-dependent reactions.

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HS-LS1-C-1

The chemical formula for glucose, a simple sugar, is C₆H₁₂O₆. When a glucose molecule is assembled during photosynthesis, the process takes up 12 hydrogen ions from the stroma of the chloroplast.

What process adds 12 hydrogen ions to the chloroplast?

• 6 water molecules splitting apart during the light-dependent reactions

• 12 water molecules splitting apart during the light-dependent reactions

• 12 water molecules splitting apart during the light-independent reactions

• other sugar molecules reacting with oxygen in the chloroplast

Answer explanation

6 water molecules splitting apart during the light-dependent reactions provide the 12 hydrogen ions needed for glucose assembly in photosynthesis.

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HS-LS1-C-4

Differentiate Light Independent and Light Dependent Reactions

Groups:

(a) Light Dependent

,

(b) Light Independent Reactions

• Uses energy from ATP and NADPH

• 
• 
• Charges up ATP and NADP+

• Makes sugar/ carbohydrate/ glucose

• Makes Oxygen as a waste product

• Splits H20

• Uses Carbon Dioxide

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HS-LS1-C-1

HS-LS1-C-3

What is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis?

• carbon dioxide

• oxygen

• water

• chlorophyll

Answer explanation

Chlorophyll is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis.

Tags

HS-LS1-C-1