Theories of Development and Underdevelopment

According to the evolutionary theory, what is involved in the development of complex forms of social organization?

• Increasing differentiation of social structure and specialization of function

• Continuing moral, intellectual, and aesthetic development

• Both A and B

• None of the above

According to the modernization theory, what is the utmost barrier to economic development?

• Technological advancements

• Tradition

• Foreign aid

• Population control policies

According to the modernization theory, what are the stages of modernization proposed by Walt Whitman Rostow?

• Traditional Stage, Pre-conditions for take-off, The Take-off Stage, The Drive to technological Maturity, High Mass Consumption

• Pre-conditions for take-off, The Take-off Stage, The Drive to technological Maturity, High Mass Consumption, Post-modern Stage

• Traditional Stage, The Take-off Stage, The Drive to technological Maturity, High Mass Consumption, Post-modern Stage

• Pre-conditions for take-off, The Take-off Stage, The Drive to technological Maturity, High Mass Consumption, Post-modern Stage

According to the dependency theory, what is the main argument for the systematic impoverishment of poor countries by rich countries?

• Historical exploitation

• Lack of technological advancements

• Foreign debt

• Population control policies

According to the world systems theory, what are the two parts into which the world is separated?

• Core and Periphery

• Developed and Underdeveloped

• Rich and Poor

• Modern and Traditional

According to the world systems theory, what does the periphery consist of?

• Low income countries

• High income countries

• Developed countries

• Underdeveloped countries

What is one characteristic of narrow, export-oriented economies in poor countries?

• Concentration of production around agriculture

• Diversification of industries

• High mass consumption

• Industrial capacity

What is one consequence of unequal trade patterns according to the world systems theory?

• Foreign debt

• Lack of industrial capacity

• Narrow, export-oriented economies

• Population control policies

What is one result of the debt trap in poorer nations?

• Lack of industrial foundation

• High mass consumption

• Continuing moral, intellectual, and aesthetic development

• Increasing differentiation of social structure

According to the world systems theory, who benefits from the world economy?

• Rich nations

• Poor nations

• Both rich and poor nations

• Neither rich nor poor nations