Exam 3 Review

The _________ effect refers to our tendency to more easily recall items memorized at the end of a session than items from the middle.

• Primacy

• Recency

• Schema

• Finalized

Prolonged and repeated exposure to a stimulus can lead to that stimulus's presence being filtered out, therefore decreasing the frequency of a response. This process is known as ____________.

• Habituation

• Sensitization

• Repeated learning

• Classical conditioning

Actively taking notes to commit information to memory is an example of what type of learning?

• Implicit

• Explicit

Barbara is feeling a strong sense of hunger. Her body is urging her to consume food in order to return itself to a natural state of homeostasis. In this case, hunger is considered to be a ________.

• Deterrent

• Biological reuptake

• Placebo

• Drive

_______ is the term used to describe how accurately a test measures the construct you're trying to measure.

• Reliability

• Validitiy

• Consistency

• Correlation coefficient

When memorizing phone numbers, we break them into pieces (555-9210), rather than leaving them as a string (5559210). This is an example of which type of encoding method being used?

• Organizational encoding

• Visual Imagery Encoding

• Chunking

• Semantic Encoding

During Pavlov's experiments, he was able to link a dog's salivation to an auditory stimulus. What was the unconditioned stimulus Pavlov used in these experiments?

• A sound

• Presentation of food

• Salivation

• Dogs

In Skinner's experiments, he was able to train rats to push a button for food. This example of a reward increasing the frequency of a desired behavior is an example of what?

• Positive reinforcement

• Negative reinforcement

• Positive punishment

• Negative punishment

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which is the most basic (lowest level) of needs we have?

• Psychological

• Physiological

• Safety

• Love & Belonging

Whereas emotion exists as a _________, personality is thought to be a ________.

• Cognitive process; biological process

• Biological process; cognitive process

• Trait; state

• State; trait