Project Complexity

What is the main purpose of this special issue?

• To discuss the different definitions of project complexity

• To propose several ideas to address project complexity in the future

• To give a general overview of how complexity has been investigated by the project management community

• To identify the different concepts associated with project complexity

According to the TOE framework, what type of complexity are project managers more concerned with?

• Technical complexity

• Organizational complexity

• Environmental complexity

• Structural complexity

Which type of project falls under the category of type 1 projects in the goals and methods matrix?

• Engineering & construction

• Product development

• Application software development

• R&D and organizational change

According to Stacey's agreement and certainty matrix, which zone is characterized by traditional project management techniques not working?

• Close to agreement, close to certainty

• Far from agreement, close to certainty

• Close to agreement, far from certainty

• Far from agreement, far from certainty

What are the two dimensions of project complexity in William's model?

• Number of elements and uncertainty in goals

• Number of elements and interdependency of elements

• Uncertainty in goals and interdependency of elements

• Structural complexity and uncertainty

According to Kahane's approach, what are the three ways complexity can be distinguished?

• Dynamic complexity, generative complexity, and social complexity

• Structural complexity, technical complexity, and directional complexity

• Operative complexity and cognitive complexity

• Task complexity, social complexity, and cultural complexity

In the Cynefin decision-making framework, which domain requires decisions to be made based on incomplete data?

• Simple

• Complicated

• Complex

• Chaotic

What are the four levels of technological uncertainty in the UCP model?

• Low-, medium-, high-, and super high-technology projects

• Low-, medium-, high-, and advanced-technology projects

• Basic, intermediate, advanced, and cutting-edge technology projects

• Traditional, modern, advanced, and futuristic technology projects

Which dimension of complexity in the UCP model is based on a hierarchy of systems and subsystems?

• Technological dimension

• System scope dimension

• Pace dimension

• Uncertainty dimension

What is the main characteristic of projects in the simple domain of the Cynefin framework?

• Clear cause and effect relationships

• Unclear cause and effect relationships

• High level of uncertainty

• No clear dominant context