Quiz: Immunity and Gas Exchange

Choose the most appropriate description of antigens.

• Substances that can suppress an immune response
• Substances that are produced by the immune system
• Substances that have no effect on the immune system
• Substances that can trigger an immune response

Choose the best description of active immunity.

• Immunity acquired through vaccination.
• Immunity acquired through exposure to pathogens.
• Immunity acquired through the transfer of antibodies from another organism.
• Immunity acquired through the production of antibodies by the body's immune system.

Which one is the disadvantage of active immunity?

• It provides immediate protection
• It requires a booster dose
• It can cause allergic reactions
• It takes time to develop

Reorder the following sequence of active immunity.

• Pathogens are destroyed.

• Binding of lymphocytes' receptors to the antigen

• Lymphocytes produce antibodies

• Lymphocytes divide to multiply their number

• Introduction of pathogen/antigen

Vaccines introduce ​ (a)   pathogens that trigger ​ (b)   . The lymphocytes will produce ​ (c)   that confer long-term ​ (d)   immunity. When the actual ​ (e)   infects the body again in the future, there will be no symptoms of the disease.

• harmless
• immune response
• memory cells
• active
• pathogen
• passive
• phagocytes

Match the following.

• nasal hair

• Located on the cell surface membrane

• receptors

• Plasma proteins for blood clotting

• fibrinogen

• Identity of a cell

• antibodies

• Plasma proteins for destroying pathogens

• antigens

• An example of mechanical barrier

Choose which part of the gas exchange system shown here that can contract and relax.

The photomicrograph shows part of epithelium of an organ in the gas exchange system.

Choose the correct description to label the parts shown.

a

b

c

lumen of the airway

produces mucus

flicking movement

Which one is the function of cartilage in the gas exchange system?

• Facilitate the exchange of gases
• Produce mucus to trap foreign particles
• Regulate the flow of air in and out of the lungs
• Support and maintain the shape of the airways

During expiration, the diaphragm ​ (a)   and curves upward. The ​ (b)   relax and ​ (c)   contract. The combination of the actions of those ​ (d)   tissues causes the chest to ​ (e)   .

• relaxes
• external intercostal muscles
• internal intercostal muscles
• muscle
• shrink
• expand
• contract