Earth's Layers and Plate Tectonics

Based on the given data on the Earth's layers, as you move deeper into the Earth, what happens to the density?

• A. It remains constant.

• B. It decreases.

• C. It increases.

• D. It fluctuates inconsistently.

Using the data on Earth's layers, which layer is the least dense?

• A. crust

• B. mantle

• C. outer core

• D. inner core

Which statement accurately describes the inner and outer cores of the Earth?

• A. The outer core is solid, while the inner core is liquid.

• B. The inner core is more dense than the outer core.

• C. The outer core is primarily made of granite.

• D. Both the inner and outer cores are of the same density.

Based on plate tectonic movements, which boundary results in the formation of deep-sea trenches?

• A. Convergent boundary with two continental plates.

• B. Divergent boundary with two oceanic plates.

• C. Convergent boundary where an oceanic plate meets a continental plate.

• D. Transform boundary.

An image shows a deep ocean trench with one plate sliding under another. What process is being depicted?

• A. subduction of a continental plate beneath an oceanic plate

• B. subduction of an oceanic plate beneath a continental plate

• C. two oceanic plates moving apart from each other

• D. two continental plates colliding and neither subducting

When two continental plates converge, what feature is most likely formed?

• A. Deep-sea trench

• B. Oceanic ridge

• C. Volcanic island arc

• D. Mountain range

How do convection currents in the mantle primarily affect tectonic plates?

• A. They pull plates down into the mantle.

• B. They cause plates to melt and reform.

• C. They cause plates to move due to the rising and sinking of heated and cooled material.

• D. They have no effect on plate movements.

The Grand Canyon was formed primarily by which geologic process?

• A. Convergent plate boundary movement

• B. Transform plate boundary movement

• C. Divergent plate boundary movement

• D. Erosion due to the Colorado River

If a volcanic island chain forms in the middle of an ocean, which tectonic process is most likely responsible?

• A. Two continental plates colliding

• B. An oceanic plate subducting under a continental plate

• C. Two oceanic plates diverging

• D. Two oceanic plates converging

What drives the movement of Earth's tectonic plates?

• A. Gravitational pull from the moon

• B. Expansion and contraction due to day and night temperature differences

• C. Convection currents within the Earth's mantle

• D. Magnetic forces from the Earth's poles