Xylem & Transpiration

What number represents specialized plant cells in the epidermis of leaves that are used to control gas exchange by the amount of water in their vacuoles (turgor pressure)?

Water evaporates into water vapor in the open air spaces (7) and diffuses through which structure?

Is transpiration an active or passive process?

• Active

• Passive

Sort the descriptions into the appropriate columns:

Groups:

(a) Palisade Mesophyll

,

(b) Spongy Mesophyll

,

(c) Epidermis

,

(d) Cuticle

• Contains Stomata

• Protective layer found on both sides of the leaf

• Not always present; protective layer that is waxy and prevents water loss.

• Found in the top middle section of the leaf

• Designed to increase light absorption

• Found in the bottom middle section of the leaf

• Flat, tightly packed cells

• Designed to increase gas flow

When are stomata open?

• When the guard cells have a high turgor pressure

• When the guard cells have a low turgor pressure

Match the following:

• increase SA:V ratio

• Fibrous Root

• thin and spread out

• Taproot

• long and thick

• Root Hairs

Put the following in order:

• 1. Xylem delivers water to the mesophyll cells in the leaf

• 1. This water vapour then diffuses out of the leaf through the stomata. 

• Some of this water is used for photosynthesis.

• Some of the water evaporates from the spongy mesophyll cells into the air spaces within the mesophyll.

What is the purpose of transpiration? Check all that apply.

• 1. It carries water to various parts of the plant, which is needed for photosynthesis

• Carries minerals along with the water (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.)

• Cools down the plant when water evaporates from the stomata.

• Structural Support

• Carries sugar from where they are produced to the rest of the plant

Check all that are true:

• Minerals enter the roots through indirect active transport

• Water enters the root cells through passive transport (osmosis)

• Proton pumps are used to set up a gradient for mineral ions to be moved into the root cells.

• Root hairs increase SA:V ratio

Mass flow is the movement of fluid down a pressure gradient.

Why does water flow from the roots to the leaves?

Groups:

(a) Roots

,

(b) Leaves

• • have higher pressure due to osmotic uptake

• • have lower pressure due to evaporation