DNA Test corrections pt 3

What is the importance of transcription and translation in the cell?

• They relay information from the ribosome to amino acids about forming specific polypeptide chains

• They convert DNA to RNA, causing the cell to metabolize amino acids into polyunsaturated fats for energy

• 
  They take genetic information from DNA and deliver it to the ribosome for the production of polypeptide chains

• 
  They create an exchange of chemical energy within the cell, which is utilized by the mitochondria for the replication of DNA

What happens during the process of translation?

• Proteins are made using mRNA

• 
  tRNA is made from DNA

• 
  mRNA is made from DNA

• 
  DNA is copied

What is the role of DNA in translation?

• DNA is not involved in translation

• DNA delivers the code to the ribosome

• DNA delivers amino acids to the ribosome

• DNA serves as the original template for protein synthesis

What is affected by the order of amino acids?

• The type of proteins produced

• 
  The type of nucleotides produced

• The type of peptide bonds produced

• 
  The type of phosphate groups produced

This is an mRNA codon chart.  An organism has the DNA sequence:  TAC TGC CCA ATA.  Why is it possible for a different organism with the DNA sequence of TAC TGC CCT ATA to produce the same protein?

• Because the DNA sequence for both organisms is the same length

• 
  Because more than one codon codes for the same amino acid

• Because the first base in each codon determines the amino acid

• Because the mRNA sequence for both organisms contain the same bases

What determines the order of amino acids in a protein?

• The tRNA anti-codons

• The function of the protein

• The sequence of nucleotides in the DNA

• The percentage of each nucleotide in the gene

Which molecule brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

• 
  ATP

• 
  ADP

• 
  mRNA

• 
  tRNA

How are all living organisms similar?

• 
  They are made of cells with the same types of organelles

• They contain the same types of tissues to carry out life functions

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  They use the same proteins and amino acids to carry out life functions

• 
  They contain the same four bases which code for specific proteins

In organisms, macromolecules are made up of subunits.  Which of these pairs correctly describes how a macromolecule is constructed?

• DNA is made up of simple sugars

• 
  Protein is made up of amino acids

• Nucleic acids are made up of DNA

• 
  Amino acids are made up of proteins

A mutation has occurred within a cell and it produces the wrong protein.  If the mistake originated during the very beginning stages of protein synthesis, when during the protein synthesis process did the mistake occur?

• 
  When the mRNA message was translated

• When the ribosome assembled amino acids

• when the tRNA brought amino acids to the ribosomes

• When the mRNA message was made from the DNA template