Biology Vocabulary Quiz

What is a hypothesis?

• A. A prediction or explanation that can be tested

• B. A small organelle found in cells

• C. A type of protein

• D. A process of cellular transport

Answer explanation

A hypothesis is essentially a prediction or explanation that can be tested. It is not a small organelle found in cells, a type of protein, or a process of cellular transport. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is 'A prediction or explanation that can be tested'.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

What is a mitochondrion?

• A. A prediction or explanation that can be tested

• B. A small organelle found in cells

• C. A type of protein

• D. A process of cellular transport

Answer explanation

The question asks about the definition of a mitochondrion. The correct answer is that a mitochondrion is a small organelle found in cells. It is not a prediction or explanation that can be tested, a type of protein, or a process of cellular transport. Therefore, the correct choice highlights that a mitochondrion is a small organelle found in cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

What is a protein?

• A. A prediction or explanation that can be tested

• B. A small organelle found in cells

• C. A Large biomolecule of amino acid chains.

• D. A process of cellular transport

Answer explanation

Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. They play crucial roles in almost all biological processes. The other options are incorrect as they do not accurately define what a protein is. A protein is not a prediction, an organelle, or a process of cellular transport.

What is endocytosis?

• A. A prediction or explanation that can be tested

• B. A small organelle found in cells

• C. A type of protein

• D. A process of cellular transport

Answer explanation

Endocytosis is a process of cellular transport, where a cell engulfs external substances or particles by surrounding and enclosing them within its membrane. This allows the cell to take in nutrients, fluids, and other essential molecules. The other options, such as a prediction, a small organelle, or a type of protein, do not accurately describe endocytosis.

What does isotonic mean?

• A. A prediction or explanation that can be tested

• B. A small organelle found in cells

• C. A type of protein

• D. A solution with an equal solute concentration inside and outside.

Answer explanation

Isotonic refers to a solution with an equal solute concentration inside and outside. In this context, it means that the solution has the same osmotic pressure as the cell, preventing any net movement of water across the cell membrane. This maintains the cell's shape and function, making option D the correct choice.

What is an ester bond?

• A. A covalent bond in organic molecules.

• B. A small organelle found in cells

• C. A type of protein

• D. A process of cellular transport

Answer explanation

An ester bond is a covalent bond in organic molecules, formed between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. It is a key component in the formation of esters, which are organic compounds with the general formula RCOOR'. The correct choice is 'A covalent bond in organic molecules.'

What is a chloroplast?

• A. A prediction or explanation that can be tested

• B. A plant organelle responsible for energy

• C. A type of protein

• D. A process of cellular transport

Answer explanation

A chloroplast is an organelle found in plant cells. It's responsible for the process of photosynthesis, which is how plants convert light energy into chemical energy. This energy is then used to fuel the plant's activities. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is 'A plant organelle responsible for energy'.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What is ATP?

• A. A prediction or explanation that can be tested

• B. A small organelle found in cells

• C. A molecule used as energy currency in cells

• D. A process of cellular transport

Answer explanation

ATP, or Adenosine Triphosphate, is a molecule that serves as the primary energy currency of the cell. It is not a prediction, an organelle, or a process of cellular transport. Instead, it is used to store and transport chemical energy within cells. This energy is used for a variety of cellular functions, making ATP crucial for life.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

What is a nucleotide?

• A. A prediction or explanation that can be tested

• B. A small organelle found in cells

• C. A monomer of DNA

• D. A process of cellular transport

Answer explanation

A nucleotide is the basic building block of DNA, which makes it a monomer of DNA. This means that DNA is made up of a series of nucleotides. The other options are incorrect as they do not accurately describe what a nucleotide is. A nucleotide is not a prediction, an organelle, or a process of cellular transport.

What is passive transport?

• A. A prediction or explanation that can be tested

• B. A small organelle found in cells

• C. A type of protein that moves molecules

• D. A process of cellular transport with no energy use

Answer explanation

Passive transport is a process of cellular transport that does not require energy. It allows molecules to move across the cell membrane without the use of cellular energy. This is why the correct answer to the question 'What is passive transport?' is 'A process of cellular transport with no energy use'.