HONORS Comparing Cell Types & Endosymbiotic Theory

What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do not.

• Prokaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells do not.

• Prokaryotic cells have linear chromosomes, while eukaryotic cells have circular DNA.

• Prokaryotic cells have a cell wall, while eukaryotic cells do not.

Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

• Presence of a nucleus

• Linear chromosomes

• Membrane-bound organelles

• Circular DNA

What is the function of ribosomes in prokaryotic cells?

• Capture light energy

• Convert light energy into chemical energy

• Make proteins

• Store water and nutrients

Which of the following is a feature of eukaryotic cells?

• Circular DNA

• Cell wall made of cellulose

• Lack of organelles

• Sticky capsule for attachment

What is the function of chloroplasts in plant cells?

• Capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy

• Provide support and protection

• Store water, nutrients, and waste products

• Make proteins

Which of the following is a unique feature of plant cells?

• Presence of mitochondria

• Rigid cell wall made of cellulose

• Circular DNA

• Lysosomes for digestion

What is the size range of plant cells?

• 10 to 30 micrometers

• 10 to 100 micrometers

• 30 to 100 micrometers

• Less than 10 micrometers

Which organelles are thought to have originated from ancient bacteria?

• Mitochondria and chloroplasts

• Ribosomes and golgi apparatus

• Endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes

• Vacuoles and peroxisomes

What is the endosymbiotic theory?

• The theory that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells

• The theory that mitochondria and chloroplasts were derived from ancient bacteria

• The theory that plant cells are more complex than animal cells

• The theory that organelles are specialized structures within a cell

Which evidence supports the endosymbiotic theory?

• Presence of circular DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts

• Ability of mitochondria and chloroplasts to divide independently

• Double membranes of mitochondria and chloroplasts

• All of the above