Unit 2 - Chemistry of Life Practice Questions

Which statement best explains why most biological macromolecules contain carbon?

• 
  Carbon can share electrons with up to four different atoms and form three types of bonding patterns

• 
  The chemical and physical characteristics of carbon-containing molecules change as they move through the carbon cycle

• 
  Carbon exists across the universe and is produced in the interior of stars during their life cycles

• 
  The long chains formed by carbon can be combusted with oxygen as a source of energy

Which of the following correctly explains how biological elements bond?

• Carbon forms 2 bonds, Hydrogen forms 2 bonds, Oxygen forms 1 bond

• Carbon forms 1 bonds, Hydrogen forms 4 bonds, Oxygen forms 2 bond

• Carbon forms 4 bonds, Hydrogen forms 2 bonds, Oxygen forms 1 bond

• Carbon forms 4 bonds, Hydrogen forms 1 bond, Oxygen forms 2 bonds

Trees are typically able to transport water from their roots to their stems and leaves. Which statement describes the property of water that most supports the transportation of water to all parts of a tree?

• Water has strong attractions to itself and many other molecules.

• Water can absorb large amounts of energy with minimal temperature changes.

• 
  Water dissolves fewer substances than any other liquid.

• 
  Water forms a crystalline structure when it freezes.

Which property of water is most responsible for plants being able to transport water from their roots to their leaves?

• 
  The attraction between molecules.

• 
  A capacity to dissolve many substances.

• The ability to form a low-density crystalline structure when frozen.

• 
  A capacity to absorb large amounts of energy as temperature increases

A student makes a Venn diagram to compare the functions of carbohydrates and lipids.Which cellar function of carbohydrates and lipids should be placed in the shared section of the Venn diagram?

• 
  Structural support of cell walls

• 
  Hormone production

• Energy storage

• Catalyst for chemical reactions

Which statement correctly describes how a protein is formed?

• 
  A monosaccharide bonded to a side chain is broken apart

• 
  A nitrogenous base, a sugar, and a phosphate group combine to form a new molecule

• 
  A molecule containing glycerol bonded to three fatty acids is broken apart

• 
  Amino acids are bonded together in a long chain to form a new molecule

Which of the following biomolecules typically contains both nitrogen and phosphate?

• Lipids

• Nucleic Acid

• Protein

• Carbohydrate

Match the following macromolecules to the elements they contain.

• C, H, O, N

• Protein

• C, H, O

• Nucleic acid

• C, H, O, N, P

• Carbohydrate

• C, H, O

• Lipid

Which of the following reactions describes how starch is broken into glucose molecules?

• Dehydration synthesis removes a molecule of water

• Hydrolysis adds a molecules of water

• Dehydration synthesis adds a molecule of water

• Hydrolysis removes a molecule of water

Match the following monomer to the correct polymer.

• Polysaccharide

• Monosaccharide

• Polypeptide

• Protein

• DNA

• Fatty acid and glycerol

• Triglyceride

• Nucleotide