Psy 8

At what approximate age does the formal operational stage typically begin in human development?

(a) 2-7 years

(b) 7-11 years

(c) 11-14 years

(d) 14-18 years

• a

• b

• c

• d

Which cognitive ability characterizes the formal operational stage?

(a) Object permanence

(b) Conservation

(c) Abstract reasoning

(d) Sensorimotor coordination

• a

• b

• c

• d

In the formal operational stage, individuals can understand and manipulate abstract concepts. Which example reflects abstract reasoning?

(a) Recognizing colors

(b) Solving algebraic equations

(c) Identifying animals

(d) Grasping objects

• a

• b

• c

• d

Which of the following is a key characteristic of formal operational thinking?

(a) Concrete thinking
(b) Egocentrism
(c) Abstract thinking
(d) Intuitive thinking

• a

• b

• c

• d

What term describes the tendency of adolescents in the formal operational stage to believe that others are as interested in them as they are in themselves?

(a) Object permanence

(b) Conservation

(c) Egocentrism

(d) Reversibility

• a

• b

• c

• d

Which cognitive process is a part of formal operational thinking and involves starting with a general theory and deducing specific expectations?

(a) Centration

(b) Object permanence

(c) Conservation

(d) Deductive reasoning

• a

• b

• c

• d

What is the main characteristic of the authoritarian parenting style?

(a) High warmth, low control

(b) Low warmth, high control

(c) High warmth, high control

(d) Low warmth, low control

• a

• b

• c

• d

Parents following the authoritative parenting style are likely to:

(a) Be strict and demanding

(b) Be lenient and permissive

(c) Balance warmth and control

(d) Show indifference towards their children

• a

• b

• c

• d

Which parenting style encourages open communication and mutual respect?

(a) Authoritarian

(b) Permissive

(c) Authoritative

(d) Neglectful

• a

• b

• c

• d

What is a potential drawback of the authoritarian parenting style?

(a) Lack of structure for children

(b) Rebellion in children

(c) High self-esteem in children

(d) Open communication with children

• a

• b

• c

• d