Earth-Sun-Moon Test Retake

What causes tides on Earth?

• the magnetic pull of the Sun and the Moon

• the gravitational pull of the Sun and the Moon

• the magnetic pull of the other planets and the Moon

• the gravitational pull of the other planets and the Moon

Answer explanation

The gravitational force of the Moon and the Sun on

Earth creates tides.

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ES.3.b

ES.3.a

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which model correctly shows the seasons that the Northern hemisphere is experiencing?

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Answer explanation

the earth experiences summer in the northern hemisphere when it is tilted toward the sun, and winter

Tags

ES.3.b

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ES.3.a

The map shows where Phoenix, Arizona and Anchorage, Alaska are located.

Which statement correctly compares the amounts of daylight that Phoenix and Anchorage receive in different seasons?

• During summer months, Phoenix experiences fewer hours of daylight than Anchorage. During winter months, Phoenix experiences more hours of daylight than Anchorage. This variation in the length of day is caused by the distance of Earth from the Sun.

• During summer months, Phoenix experiences more hours of daylight than Anchorage. During winter months, Phoenix experiences fewer hours of daylight than Anchorage. This variation in the length of day is caused by the distance of Earth from the Sun.

• During summer months, Phoenix experiences more hours of daylight than Anchorage. During winter months, Phoenix experiences fewer hours of daylight than Anchorage. This variation in the length of day is caused by the tilt of Earth's axis.

• During summer months, Phoenix experiences fewer hours of daylight than Anchorage. During winter months, Phoenix experiences more hours of daylight than Anchorage. This variation in the length of day is caused by the tilt of Earth's axis.

Answer explanation

During summer months, Anchorage is tilted more

toward the Sun than Phoenix, so Anchorage

experiences more hours of daylight. During winter

months, Phoenix is tilted more toward the Sun

than Anchorage, so Phoenix experiences more

hours of daylight.

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ES.3.b

ES.3.a

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Which statement correctly describes a relationship between the hemispheres and the seasons?

• The Southern Hemisphere experiences fall when the Northern Hemisphere experiences winter.

• The Northern Hemisphere experiences winter when Earth spins on its axis at its slowest speed.

• The Southern Hemisphere experiences spring when the Northern Hemisphere experiences fall.

• The Northern Hemisphere experiences summer when the North Pole is tilted away from the Sun.

Answer explanation

Earth's tilt on its axis causes the Southern Hemisphere and the Northern Hemisphere to experience opposite seasons at the same time of the year.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The image shows how sunlight reaches Earth at one time during the year. Which point on Earth is MOST LIKELY located in the coldest region?

• Point A is the coldest because it receives the least amount of direct sunlight each day.

• Point B is the coldest because it lies on Earth's equator, which divides hemispheres.

• Point C is the coldest because it lies on Earth's axis, which causes rotation.

• Point D is the coldest because it is the farthest point from the Sun at night.

Answer explanation

Point A receives the least direct sunlight out of all

of the points, because it is TILTED AWAY from the Sun. This would cause the location to

most likely be the coldest out of the four.

Tags

ES.3

ES.3.a

ES.3.b

How does the ozone layer contribute to making Earth habitable?

• It causes seasons on Earth.

• It recycles the nutrients in the soil.

• It supports the three forms of water on Earth.

• It protects the planet from ultraviolet rays from the Sun.

Answer explanation

the ozone layer protects Earth from receiving harmful UV radiation from the Sun

Tags

ES.3.b

ES.3

ES.3.a

The orbit of the Moon is not usually in the same plane as Earth and the Sun.

Which of these can only take place at times when the Moon is between Earth and the Sun and in the same plane?

• a full moon

• a new moon

• a high tide

• a solar eclipse

Answer explanation

A solar eclipse happens only when the moon is in between the earth and sun. The moon eclipses (blocks) the suns light and casts a shadow at a point on the earth's surface. the darkest part of the shadow is called the umbra. The lighter part of the shadow is called the penumbra. 🫱/🫲

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ES.3.b

ES.3

ES.3.a

Drag and drop the labels provided into the boxes below to explain how the Earth-Sun-Moon system results in these seasons on Earth.

1. 1.The axis of Earth is ​ (a)   .

2. 2. Earth ​ (b)   on its axis while ​ (c)   around the Sun.

• tilted
• rotates
• revolving
• vertically straight
• revolves
• rotating

Answer explanation

The earth is tilted on its axis at 23.5 degrees. It rotates (spins on a fixed point like a ballerina) on its axis causing day and night. The earth also revolves (travels around and object) around the sun. When the earth has revolved around the sun completely, that equals one year.

Tags

ES.3.b

ES.3.a

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Petrels by moonlight

A petrel is a type of bird that coordinates its migration and mating around the natural cycle of moon phases. It is most active and mates during a full moon. It also coordinates its migration to occur during a full moon. Some scientists think that migration during a full moon allows the petrel to better locate prey because of how much light the full moon reflects at night.

Based on the background information, which pattern in petrel behavior is BEST supported?

• Petrels are least active during the day.

• Petrels are least active during a new moon.

• Petrels are physically active only during the night.

• Petrels are physically active only during a full moon.

Answer explanation

the new moon phase would result in less moonlight. From the pattern described in the background information, one could predict that if the petrels are most active during a full moon that the birds would be least active during a new moon.

Tags

ES.3.b

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ES.3.a

The model below shows Earth, the Sun's rays, and four possible Moon positions (A, B, C, and D). At which position in the model would petrels be expected to be MOST active?

• Position A

• Position B

• Position C

• Position D

Answer explanation

Position C in the model represents a full moon

when the whole face of the Moon can be observed

from Earth. This is the time suggested in which

petrels would be most active.

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ES.3.b

ES.3.a

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