Chapter 15 Quiz

Domestic Political power in the Dutch Republic in the late seventeenth century was held by

• the central government

• an oligarchy of wealthy businessmen

• the stadholder and his royal courtiers

• a democratically elected States-General

How did the Peace of Westphalia mark a turning point in European History

• German lands were finally unified under the German Emperor

• Religious toleration was adopted throughout the Holy Roman Empire

• Central Europe emerged as an economic powerhouse

• Large-scale armed conflicts over religious faith came to an end

The guiding force behind Carinal Richelieu's domestic policies was

• reform of the church

• a belief in decentralization

• the subordination of all institutions to the monarchy

• the sovereignty of the people

The English political philosopher Thomas Hobbes held that

• kings ruled by divine right

• a constitutional monarchy was possible only in England

• mankind was inherently good and required no formal government

• the power of the rule was absolute and prevented civil war

How did Frederick William I, King of Prussia, sustain agricultural production while dramatically expanding the size of his army?

• He required women to work in the fields when their husbands served in the military

• He purchased African slaves to sustain agricultural production while Prussian men trained for the military

• He ordered all Prussian men to undergo military training, after which they could return home and serve as army reservists

• He required monks, priests, and other clerics to perform agricultural work when needed by local nobles

After his victory in 1709 at Poltava, Peter the Great built a new, Western-style capital on the Baltic called

• Narva

• Moscow

• Leningrad

• St. Petersburg

Within the Ottoman government, which group staffed the top levels of the Bureaucracy?

• The Royal Family

• The Sultan's slave (Janissary) corps.

• Islamic religious officials

• Military commanders

The heightened central control established by absolutist and constitutional governments led to which outcome

• Reduced taxation

• Growth in Armed forces

• Smaller and less expensive bureaucracies

• The abolition of the nobility

French foreign policy under Cardinal Richelieu focused primarily on the

• prevention of the Habsburgs from unifying the territories surrounding France

• Destruction of the English naval power

• reduction of the economic power of the Low Countries

• Protection of Protestants in neighboring territories

Mercantilist theory populated that...

• government should not interfere with the economy

• imports and exports should be equally balanced

• economic activity should be regulated by and for the state

• free trade would maximize the wealth of all nations