Rise of Revolutions

What pair of individuals played a direct role in changes that took place between map A and map B?

• Otto Von Bismarck and Wilhelm II

• Metternich and Victor Emmanual III

• Camillo di Cavour and Mazzini

• Alexander II and Frederick the Great

All the elements identified in the illustration contributed to German

• interdependence

• unification

• imperialism

• apathy

"Not by democracy or liberal standards will our goal be achieved but by blood and iron. Then we will be successful, no nation is born without the traumatic experience of war.

–Otto von Bismarck

This statement was used to justify a policy of

• ethnocentrism

• militarism

• containment

• appeasement

"I offer neither pay, nor quarters, nor provisions; I offer hunger, thirst, forced marches, battles, and death. Let him who loves his country in his heart, and not with his lips only, follow me."

— Giuseppe Garibaldi

Which concept is expressed by Garibaldi in this statement?

• scarcity

• nationalism

• humanism

• empathy

One way in which Toussaint L'Ouverture, Simón Bolívar, and José de San Martín are similar is that they all were

• supporters of mercantile policies

• leaders of independence movements

• democratically elected leaders

• industrial labor reformers

Toussaint L'Ouverture is most closely associated with leading the revolution in

• Mexico

• Chile

• Haiti

• Venezuela

Base your answer on the following passage and on your knowledge of social studies.

. . . I shall tell you with what we must provide ourselves in order to expel the Spaniards and to found a free government. It is union, obviously; but such union will come about through sensible planning and well-directed actions rather than by divine magic. America stands together because it is abandoned by all other nations. It is isolated in the center of the world. It has no diplomatic relations, nor does it receive any military assistance; instead, America is attacked by Spain, which has more military supplies than any we can possibly acquire through furtive [stealthy] means. When success is not assured, when the state is weak, and when results are distantly seen, all men hesitate; opinion is divided, passions rage, and the enemy fans these passions in order to win an easy victory because of them. As soon as we are strong and under the guidance of a liberal nation which will lend us her protection, we will achieve accord [unity] in cultivating the virtues and talents that lead to glory. Then will we march majestically toward that great prosperity for which South America is destined. Then will those sciences and arts which, born in the East, have enlightened Europe, wing their way to a free Colombia, which will cordially bid them welcome. . .

Source: Simón Bolívar, "Reply of a South American to a Gentleman of This Island [Jamaica]," September 6, 1815 (adapted)

• become monarch of the strongest country in South America

• break off diplomatic relations with Europe

• form one nation that unifies all of South America

• convince Mexico to join in his fight against Spain

Which group led most of the revolutions in Latin America?

• Creoles

• Peninsulares

• Mestizos

• Natives

In which region of the world did the American Revolution and the French Revolution have the greatest influence during the 1800s?

• SE Asia

• Latin America

• South Asia

• sub-Saharan Africa

• Reasons for Latin American Independence Movements

• Impact of the Scientific Revolution

• Causes of the Industrial Revolution

• Results of Nationalism in Europe.