
Chirality, Carbonyls and Carboxylic acids

Quiz
•
Science
•
12th Grade
•
Medium
Standards-aligned
Hugo Harrabin
Used 2+ times
FREE Resource
17 questions
Show all answers
1.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
1. What is the primary cause of optical isomerism in molecules?
Chirality
Symmetry
Alkyl groups
Aromatic rings
Answer explanation
Optical isomerism in molecules is primarily caused by chirality. Chirality refers to the property of a molecule that cannot be superimposed onto its mirror image. It arises due to the presence of a chiral center or asymmetric carbon atom. In this case, the correct choice is 'Chirality,' as it accurately describes the primary cause of optical isomerism. The answer explanation highlights this correct choice without mentioning the option number. The given query has a question about the primary cause of optical isomerism in molecules.
2.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
2. Enantiomers are best described as:
Superimposable
Mirror images
Stereoisomers
Constitutional isomers
Answer explanation
Enantiomers are stereo isomers that are mirror images of each other. They have the same molecular formula and connectivity but differ in their spatial arrangement. In the case of enantiomers, the molecules cannot be superimposed onto each other. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Mirror images'.
3.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
3. Which type of diagrams can be used to represent optical isomers in 3D?
Lewis structures
Ball-and-stick models
Line-angle formulae
None of the above
Answer explanation
To represent optical isomers in 3D, ball-and-stick models can be used. These models show the spatial arrangement of atoms and bonds, allowing us to visualize the three-dimensional structure of molecules. Ball-and-stick models are particularly useful for understanding the stereochemistry of molecules, including optical isomerism. They consist of balls representing atoms and sticks representing bonds. By using different colors for atoms and bonds, ball-and-stick models provide a clear representation of the arrangement of atoms in space, helping us distinguish between different optical isomers.
4.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
4. What does optical activity measure in molecules with a chiral center?
Refractive index
Color
Ability to rotate plane-polarized light
Magnetic susceptibility
Answer explanation
Optical activity measures the ability of molecules with a chiral center to rotate plane-polarized light. This property is unique to chiral molecules and is caused by their asymmetric structure. The correct choice is the ability to rotate plane-polarized light, as it accurately describes the phenomenon being measured. The other options, refractive index, color, and magnetic susceptibility, do not exhibit this specific characteristic. The question asks about what optical activity measures in molecules with a chiral center, not about other properties or characteristics.
5.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
5. What is a racemic mixture composed of?
Enantiomers
Diastereomers
Constitutional isomers
None of the above
Answer explanation
A racemic mixture is composed of enantiomers. Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other and cannot be superimposed. In a racemic mixture, the amounts of both enantiomers are equal, resulting in no net optical activity. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images, constitutional isomers have different connectivity, and none of the above options correctly describe a racemic mixture.
6.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
6. Optical activity data can be used as evidence for which mechanisms?
Sn1 and Sn2
E1 and E2
Cis-trans isomerization
Aldol condensation
Answer explanation
Optical activity data can be used as evidence for Sn1 and Sn2 mechanisms. This is because Sn1 and Sn2 reactions involve the formation of chiral intermediates, which can exhibit optical activity. By analyzing the rotation of polarized light, scientists can determine the presence of chiral molecules and infer the mechanism involved in a reaction. Optical activity data provides valuable insights into the stereochemistry and mechanism of chemical reactions.
7.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
30 sec • 1 pt
7. Aldehydes and ketones do not form intermolecular hydrogen bonds, affecting which property?
Boiling point
Melting point
Solubility
Viscosity
Answer explanation
Aldehydes and ketones do not form intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which affects their solubility. This is because hydrogen bonding is an important factor in determining solubility. Without intermolecular hydrogen bonding, aldehydes and ketones have lower solubility in polar solvents compared to compounds that can form hydrogen bonds. Therefore, solubility is the property affected by the absence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding in aldehydes and ketones.
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