Chirality, Carbonyls and Carboxylic acids

Chirality, Carbonyls and Carboxylic acids

12th Grade

17 Qs

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Chirality, Carbonyls and Carboxylic acids

Chirality, Carbonyls and Carboxylic acids

Assessment

Quiz

Science

12th Grade

Medium

NGSS
HS-PS1-4

Standards-aligned

Created by

Hugo Harrabin

Used 2+ times

FREE Resource

17 questions

Show all answers

1.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

1. What is the primary cause of optical isomerism in molecules?

Chirality

Symmetry

Alkyl groups

Aromatic rings

Answer explanation

Optical isomerism in molecules is primarily caused by chirality. Chirality refers to the property of a molecule that cannot be superimposed onto its mirror image. It arises due to the presence of a chiral center or asymmetric carbon atom. In this case, the correct choice is 'Chirality,' as it accurately describes the primary cause of optical isomerism. The answer explanation highlights this correct choice without mentioning the option number. The given query has a question about the primary cause of optical isomerism in molecules.

2.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

2. Enantiomers are best described as:

Superimposable

Mirror images

Stereoisomers

Constitutional isomers

Answer explanation

Enantiomers are stereo isomers that are mirror images of each other. They have the same molecular formula and connectivity but differ in their spatial arrangement. In the case of enantiomers, the molecules cannot be superimposed onto each other. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Mirror images'.

3.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

3. Which type of diagrams can be used to represent optical isomers in 3D?

Lewis structures

Ball-and-stick models

Line-angle formulae

None of the above

Answer explanation

To represent optical isomers in 3D, ball-and-stick models can be used. These models show the spatial arrangement of atoms and bonds, allowing us to visualize the three-dimensional structure of molecules. Ball-and-stick models are particularly useful for understanding the stereochemistry of molecules, including optical isomerism. They consist of balls representing atoms and sticks representing bonds. By using different colors for atoms and bonds, ball-and-stick models provide a clear representation of the arrangement of atoms in space, helping us distinguish between different optical isomers.

4.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

4. What does optical activity measure in molecules with a chiral center?

Refractive index

Color

Ability to rotate plane-polarized light

Magnetic susceptibility

Answer explanation

Optical activity measures the ability of molecules with a chiral center to rotate plane-polarized light. This property is unique to chiral molecules and is caused by their asymmetric structure. The correct choice is the ability to rotate plane-polarized light, as it accurately describes the phenomenon being measured. The other options, refractive index, color, and magnetic susceptibility, do not exhibit this specific characteristic. The question asks about what optical activity measures in molecules with a chiral center, not about other properties or characteristics.

5.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

5. What is a racemic mixture composed of?

Enantiomers

Diastereomers

Constitutional isomers

None of the above

Answer explanation

A racemic mixture is composed of enantiomers. Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other and cannot be superimposed. In a racemic mixture, the amounts of both enantiomers are equal, resulting in no net optical activity. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images, constitutional isomers have different connectivity, and none of the above options correctly describe a racemic mixture.

6.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

6. Optical activity data can be used as evidence for which mechanisms?

Sn1 and Sn2

E1 and E2

Cis-trans isomerization

Aldol condensation

Answer explanation

Optical activity data can be used as evidence for Sn1 and Sn2 mechanisms. This is because Sn1 and Sn2 reactions involve the formation of chiral intermediates, which can exhibit optical activity. By analyzing the rotation of polarized light, scientists can determine the presence of chiral molecules and infer the mechanism involved in a reaction. Optical activity data provides valuable insights into the stereochemistry and mechanism of chemical reactions.

7.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

7. Aldehydes and ketones do not form intermolecular hydrogen bonds, affecting which property?

Boiling point

Melting point

Solubility

Viscosity

Answer explanation

Aldehydes and ketones do not form intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which affects their solubility. This is because hydrogen bonding is an important factor in determining solubility. Without intermolecular hydrogen bonding, aldehydes and ketones have lower solubility in polar solvents compared to compounds that can form hydrogen bonds. Therefore, solubility is the property affected by the absence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding in aldehydes and ketones.

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