Introduction To Energy Review

(True or False) Energy processing is one of the characteristics of living organisms.

• True

• False

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1. Autotrophs, also known as producers, make their own food. Which of the following pairs correctly represents the two types of autotrophs?

• Chemoheterotrophs and photoheterotrophs

•  Lithoautotrophs and geoautotrophs

•  Lightheterotrophs and permaheterotrophs

• Chemoautotrophs and photoautotrophs

Heterotrophs, also known as consumers, obtain their food from other sources. Which of the following is NOT a type of heterotroph?

•  Herbivore

• Carnivore

• Plantivore

• Decomposer/Detritivore

Which of the following statements best explains how energy flows through an ecosystem, including the roles of producers, consumers, and decomposers?

•  Energy flows from consumers to producers, and decomposers recycle energy within the ecosystem.

• Energy flows from producers to consumers, and decomposers break down waste materials.

• Energy flows from decomposers to consumers, and producers generate energy from organic matter.

• Energy flows from consumers to decomposers, and producers store energy for future use.

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1. What is the primary source of energy for photoautotrophs?

• Inorganic compounds like hydrogen sulfide (H2S)

• Organic matter obtained from other organisms

•  Atmospheric oxygen (O2)

• Sunlight

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Which type of autotrophs utilize inorganic compounds like hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as an energy source for photosynthesis?

• Chemoautotrophs

•  Photoautotrophs

• Chemoheterotrophs

• Photoheterotrophs

In an energy pyramid, which trophic level typically contains the most energy, and why?

• The primary consumers (herbivores) because they directly consume producers.

• The secondary consumers (carnivores) because they are at a higher trophic level.

• The producers (autotrophs) because they capture energy from the sun.

• The decomposers because they break down organic matter and release energy.

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Which of the following is an example of a detritivore, and what is its role in nutrient cycling?

• Lion: It feeds on herbivores and contributes to nutrient recycling by consuming animal remains.

• Oak tree: It absorbs nutrients from the soil, enriching the ecosystem through its root system.

• Earthworm: It consumes dead plant material and organic debris, aiding in the decomposition process.

• Hawk: It preys on small mammals and helps maintain ecosystem balance.

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What is the main function of decomposers in an ecosystem?

• To capture sunlight and convert it into chemical energy for other organisms.

• To control the population of herbivores and carnivores.

•  To serve as the primary producers in aquatic ecosystems.

• To break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients back into the environment.

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How does the process of chemosynthesis differ from photosynthesis, and where is it commonly found in nature?

• Chemosynthesis uses inorganic compounds as an energy source, while photosynthesis uses sunlight; it is commonly found in deep-sea hydrothermal vent communities.

•  Chemosynthesis uses sunlight as an energy source, while photosynthesis uses inorganic compounds; it is commonly found in plant leaves.

• Chemosynthesis uses organic matter as an energy source, while photosynthesis uses sunlight; it is commonly found in tropical rainforests.

  
  

• Chemosynthesis and photosynthesis are the same process, occurring in all ecosystems.

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