Ports & Protocols

Internet Protocol (IP)

• Used by network devices, including routers, to send error messages and operational information indicating success or failure when communicating with another IP address

• A framework for organizing the set of communication protocols used in the Internet and similar computer networks according to functional criteria

• Provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of octets (bytes) between applications running on hosts communicating via an IP network

Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

• Used by network devices, including routers, to send error messages and operational information indicating success or failure when communicating with another IP address

• A framework for organizing the set of communication protocols used in the Internet and similar computer networks according to functional criteria

• Provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of octets (bytes) between applications running on hosts communicating via an IP network

Transmission Control Protocol

• Used by network devices, including routers, to send error messages and operational information indicating success or failure when communicating with another IP address

• A framework for organizing the set of communication protocols used in the Internet and similar computer networks according to functional criteria

• Provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of octets (bytes) between applications running on hosts communicating via an IP network

TCP Three Way Handshake

• SYN, ACK, FIN
• SYN, FIN, ACK
• SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK
• SYN, ACK, ACK

TCP Connection Termination

• FIN, ACK, FIN, ACK

• FIN, FIN-ACK, FIN

• FIN, FIN-ACK, FIN, ACK

• FIN, ACK, FIN

User Datagram Protocol

• Connection-oriented

• Connectionless

Generic Routing Encapsulation

• A tunneling protocol developed by Cisco

• An open-source secure network protocol suite that authenticates and encrypts packets of data to provide secure encrypted communication between two computers over an Internet Protocol network

IPsec

• A tunneling protocol developed by Cisco

• An open-source secure network protocol suite that authenticates and encrypts packets of data to provide secure encrypted communication between two computers over an Internet Protocol network

Authentication Header

• Ensures connectionless integrity by using a hash function and a secret shared key.

  Also guarantees the data origin by authenticating IP packets.

• Provides origin authenticity through source authentication, data integrity through hash functions and confidentiality through encryption protection for IP packets.

Encapsulating Security Payload

• Ensures connectionless integrity by using a hash function and a secret shared key.

  Also guarantees the data origin by authenticating IP packets.

• Provides origin authenticity through source authentication, data integrity through hash functions and confidentiality through encryption protection for IP packets.