WEEK 2 PTA Neuro/Managing Hyper&Hypo

Prolonged Icing

-reduce neurotransmitters & spasticity

-Muscle spindles cooled to where there is no longer an excessive stretch reflex

-Effects can last 1-2 hours

-Most common method is LOCAL IMMERSION

*useful w/ hand flexor tone

• Managing Hypertonicity

• Managing Hypotonicity

Inhibitory Pressure

-Firm/moderate inhibitory pressure on tendons

-Manually and/or through devices such as SPLINTS or POSITIONING (weight bearing)

• Managing Hypertonicity

• Managing Hypotonicity

Inhibitory Pressure

-Firm/moderate inhibitory pressure on tendons

-Manually and/or through devices such as SPLINTS or POSITIONING (weight bearing)

• Managing Hypertonicity

• Managing Hypotonicity

Prolonged Stretching

-Inhibition of hyperactive muscle responses

-Active/passive stretching for prolonged time

-INHIBITORY SPLINTING/CASTING

• Managing Hypertonicity

• Managing Hypotonicity

Neutral Warmth

-Stimulates thermoreceptors and activates PARASYMPATHETIC RESPONSE

-10-20 minutes to produce an effect

-Wrapping body parts with towel, hot packs, tepid baths, paraffin, and SPLINTS

• Managing Hypertonicity

• Managing Hypotonicity

Rhythmic Rotation

-Slow repeated rotation of a limb at a point where limitation is noticed

-As muscles relax the limb is slowly and gently moved into the range

-As the new tension is felt, rhythmic rotation is repeated

-ACTIVE OR PASSIVE

-Voluntary relaxation when possible

• Managing Hypertonicity

• Managing Hypotonicity

Weight Bearing

-Prolonged inhibitory pressure

-Proprioceptive sensory feedback to CNS

• Managing Hypertonicity

• Managing Hypotonicity

Serial Casting

-When other techniques fail

-At risk for contractures

-Maintained pressure

-Low load prolonged stretch

-Recast every 5-7 days as ROM progresses

-Dynamic/static splint

• Managing Hypertonicity

• Managing Hypotonicity

Quick Stretch

-Produces short-lived contraction of agonist muscle and inhibition of antagonist muscle which facilitates a muscle contraction

• Managing Hypertonicity

• Managing Hypotonicity

Tapping

-Light tapping over a tendon or muscle belly to facilitate a voluntary contraction

• Managing Hypertonicity

• Managing Hypotonicity