Fast Five (Lesson 11)

Data in the graph indicate that the greatest difference between per-pound profits from fair trade coffee and those from regular coffee occurred during which period?

• A. 2000 to 2002

• B. 2002 to 2004

• C. 2004 to 2005

• D. 2006 to 2008

Answer explanation

Before attempting to answer the question, familiarize yourself with the graph. You’re most likely to make a mistake by rushing or being careless and reading the graph incorrectly. Make sure you understand each component of the graph.

The graph is comparing regular coffee profits to fair trade coffee profits over time. The top line with the unshaded circles is graphing the profits of fair trade coffee. The bottom line with the shaded circles is graphing the profits of regular coffee. The X-axis, or horizontal line, shows the year and the Y-axis, or vertical line, is the amount of profit in US cents per pound.

Next, let’s look at the question and determine what it’s asking. The question is asking us to identify the time period when the difference between profits from fair trade and those from regular coffee was largest.

Refer back to the graph to find the answer. On the graph, the period when the difference between the profits was largest corresponds with the points on the graph where the distance between the top line and the bottom line is the largest. Quickly, you can see that the largest difference between the profits occurred during 2002-2004. The correct answer is B.

In the graph, which isotherm displays an increase in depth below the surface during the period 19:12 to 20:24?

• A. 9 Celcius degrees

• B. 10 Celcius degrees

• C. 11 Celcius degrees

• D. 13 Celcius degrees

Answer explanation

Again, let’s take a look at the graph first. The graph is showing changes in the depth of isotherms over a 24- hour period. The X-axis is the time of day, and the Y-axis is the depth below the surface in meters. The top line in the graph represents the isotherm of 13 degrees Celsius. The lines below represent the isotherms of 11, 10, and 9 degrees.

Now, we’ll determine what the question is asking. We have to identify the isotherm that shows an increase in depth during the period 19:12 to 20:24. At this point, we’ll refer back to the graph to find our answer.

If you take a look at the Y-axis, you’ll notice that a lower point on the Y-axis corresponds with a greater depth below the surface. Therefore, to answer our question, we need to find the isotherm in which its line moves down from 19:12 to 20:24. The only isotherm that shows a downward trajectory from 19:12 to 20:24 is 13 degrees Celsius. The correct answer is D.

Which choice is supported by the data in the first figure?

• A. The number of students using public transportation is greater than the number of retirees using public transportation.

• B. The number of employed people using public transportation and the number of unemployed people using public transportation is roughly the same.

• C. People employed outside the home are less likely to use public transportation than are homemakers.

• D. Unemployed people use public transportation less often than do people employed outside the home

Answer explanation

We have to use the information from the graph to determine which statement is true. Again, for these questions, it’s easiest to go through the answer choices to determine which one is supported by the data.

Let’s start with answer choice A and refer to the first figure. We have to determine if the number of students using public transportation is greater than the number of retirees using public transportation. From the pie graph, we can see that 10.7% of passengers are students and only 6.7% are retirees. The figure does support answer choice A.

We can quickly go through the other choices to ensure that A is correct. For answer choice B, employed people are 72% and unemployed people are only 6.4% of passengers; therefore B is untrue. For answer choice C, homemakers are only 2% of passengers and those employed outside the home are 72%, so C is untrue.

For answer choice D, in the figure, there is no mention of how often various groups use public transportation. The figure graphs the occupations of the passengers, but it says nothing about the frequency with which they use public transportation. Therefore, D is not supported by Figure 1, and the correct answer is A.

Which choice offers an accurate interpretation of the data in the graph?

• A. When Empire apples are treated with 1-MCP, their flesh turns brown when the apples are first stored in the open air, though not under other conditions.

• B. When Empire apples are treated with 1-MCP, roughly half of their flesh turns brown, regardless of whether the apples are first stored in the open air.

• C. When Empire apples are treated with 1-MCP, their flesh browns when they are put directly into a controlled atmosphere but not when they are first stored in the open air.

• D. When Empire apples are treated with 1-MCP, their flesh turns brown when they are first stored in the open air, though not as quickly as the apple flesh in an untreated group does.

Answer explanation

ased on the sentence from the passage, we have to determine what happens when Empire apples are treated with 1-MCP. The dark bars represent apples that were treated with 1-MCP. Let’s go through the answer choices to see which one is true based on the data in the graph. For each answer choice, we'll refer back to the graph to see if the statement is an accurate interpretation of the data in the graph.

Answer choice A is wrong because the graph shows that Empire apples experience almost 50% browning after being treated with 1-MCP and placed immediately in a controlled atmosphere.

Answer choice B appears to be true. The data indicate that roughly 50% of the apple flesh browned with 1-MCP treated apples placed in the open air and those immediately placed in a controlled atmosphere. The dark bar on the right is a little more than 50%, and the dark bar on the left is a little less than 50%.

Answer choice C is incorrect because both dark bars show that there is browning.

Answer choice D is wrong because there is more browning with 1-MCP apples that are stored in the open air than there is with apples that weren’t treated with 1-MCP and stored in the open air.

The correct answer is B.

As the map shows, "soda" is commonly heard in the middle and western portions of the United States; "pop" is frequently used in many southern states; and "coke: is predominant in the northeastern and southwest regions but used elsewhere as well. As interesting as Russ's findings____
The writer wants the information in the passage to correspond as closely as possible with the information in the map. Given that goal and assuming that the rest of the previous sentence would remain unchanged, in which sequence should the three terms for soft drinks be discussed?

• A. "soda", "pop", "coke"

• B. "pop", "soda", "coke"

• C. "pop", "coke", "soda"

• D. "soda", "coke", "pop"

Answer explanation

First, we must determine what the question is asking. Based on the map, we must figure out which term is heard in the middle and western portions of the US, which term is used in the south, and which term is used in the northeastern and southwestern US. The terms should be placed in order: middle and western US first, south next, and then northeastern and southwestern US.

Next, let’s look at the map to determine which terms are used in the different regions. In the middle and west, “pop” is the popular term. The dark shaded color in that area corresponds with use of the word “pop.” In the south,“coke” is the term of choice. The diagonal lines in that area correspond with using the word “coke.” Finally, in the northeastern and southwestern US, “soda” is the word commonly used as indicated by the lightly shaded area.

Therefore, the answer should be “pop,” “coke,” “soda." Look at the answer choices to find the correct answer. The correct answer is C.